Goochland county, Va., 7 Aug., 1808. was graduated at the University of Virginia in 1830, served in the Kentucky legislature in 1848-'9, and was elected to congress, as an American, serving from 3 Dec, 1855, till 3 March, 1859.— Joseph R.'s son, John Cox, engineer, b. in Georgetown, D. C, 12 Sept., 1840, removed to Kentucky with his father. Af- ter graduation at Rensselaer polytechnic insti- tute in 1862, he entered the Confederate army and served as a military engineer in Virginia, but was captured in 1863 and confined in pris- ons in Cincinnati and Boston until the close of the war. He then returned to Kentucky, where he has since engaged in engineering, and has con- tributed to the improvement of his part of the state. He was engineer in charge of the public works of Warren county, city engineer of Bowling Green in 1868-75, and mayor of that town in 1870-'2. He was active in the reorganization of the Democratic party in Kentucky, was a member of the state executive committee, speaker of the senate in 1876, where his casting-vote defeated the whipping-post bill, and in 1876-'80 was lieuten- ant-governor of Kentucky. Mr. Underwood es- tablished the " Kentucky Intelligencer " in Bow- ling Green, but transferred this journal to Louis- ville, and consolidated it with the " Post." In 1881 he removed to Covington, and organized a daily newspaper publishing company in Cincinnati, Ohio, where in 1882 the " Daily News," of which he was general manager, began to be issued. He has pub- lished various official documents in the form of pamphlets and reports.
UNDERWOOD, William Henderson, jurist,
b. in Culpeper county, Va., 13 Sept., 1779 ; d. in
Marietta, Ga., 4 Aug., 1859. At an early age he
removed with his father to Elbert county, Ga., ob-
tained his education by his own exertions, and
taught in a country school for several years. He
studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1810, and
after the war of 1812, in which he served as a
captain of volunteers, rose in his profession, and
for several years was judge of the western circuit,
being elected to this post in 1825. He was the
leading counsel of the Cherokees during their con-
troversy with the state of Georgia, and became
famous in the supreme court of the United States
for the ability with which he advocated their cause.
UNZAGA, Luisde (oon-thah'-gah), Spanish sol-
dier, b. about 1720 ; d. in Spain about 1790. He
early entered military service, and, after taking part
in the operations of Charles of Naples against Aus-
tria, was promoted brigadier, and in 1769 ap-
pointed governor of Louisiana, to succeed Alexan-
der O'Reilly, who, by his rigorous measures against
the opposition to Spanish annexation, had in-
curred the dislike of the Creoles, and was removed
by the home government. Unzaga, by his concili-
atory policy, soon repaired the evils that had arisen
under O'Reilly, and in 1776 was promoted and
appointed captain-general of Caracas, whence he
returned in 1783 to take charge of the general gov-
ernment of Cuba. One of his first measures was
to prohibit the unrestrained cutting of cedar- wood,
as this useful tree was threatened with extinction
by enormous exportation and waste at home.
When, in the same year, by the treaty of Ver-
sailles, Florida was restored to Spain, more than
5,000 former residents of that province, who had
settled in Cuba, returned to their homes, and, to
offset this loss of labor, Unzaga contracted with
several French and English firms for the importa-
tion of 15,000 negroes. In February, 1785, he was
superseded by Count Bernardo de Galvez, and he
then returned to Spain.
UPCHURCH, John Jorden, mechanic, b. in
Franklin county, N. C, 26 March, 1822; d. in
Steelville, Mo , 18 Jan., 1887. His education was
acquired in a country school previous to his thir-
teenth year. He was alternately clerk in a coun-
try store and a farmer until 1841, when he married,
and opened a hotel in Raleigh. Trying to keep a
temperance hotel, he failed, and was for thirteen
years master-mechanic on the Mine Hill and
Schuylkill Haven railroad. In 1864 he tried the
oil business and lost all his savings. For four
years he drifted about, and in 1868 secured a situa-
tion in the machine-shops of the Atlantic and
Great Western railroad at Meadville, Pa. Here he
prepared the first ritual and organized the first
lodge of the Ancient order of united workmen, to
which his principal reputation is due. The lodge
was organized on 27 Oct., 1868, with fourteen mem-
bers. It has since spread into every state and ter-
ritory of the Union, has more than 150,000 mem-
bers, and pays out about $2,000,000 annually in
benefits to the families of deceased members.
The plan that was devised and used by the society
for disbursing sums of money to beneficiaries was
so original and proved so popular as practically to
revolutionize the life-insurance business. Other
societies followed, with many variations on the
plan, until the amount of life insurance that is now
carried by the various fraternal beneficiary socie-
ties is many times greater than that carried by all
the stock-company societies in the country. Fa-
ther Upchurch, as he was called, subsequently re-
moved to Steelville, Mo. He travelled much in the
later years of his life, in the interest of the society
that he had founded.
UPDIKE, Wilkins, lawyer, b. in Kingston,
R. I.. 8 Jan.,- 1784; d. there, 14 Jan., 1867. He
studied law, was admitted to the bar, served many
years in the legislature, and was the author of
" Memoirs of the Rhode Island Bar " (Boston, 1842),
and a " History of the Episcopal Church in Narra-
gansett Pier, R. I." (New York, 1847).
UPFOLD, George, P. E. bishop, b. in Sheneley
Green, near Guilford, Surrey, England, 7 May,
1796 ; d. in Indianapolis, Ind., 26 Aug., 1872. He
came to the United States when he was eight years
of age, the family settling in Albany, N. Y. He
was graduated at Union college in 1814, and took a
course in medicine at the College of physicians and
surgeons in New York city, receiving his degree of
M. D. in 1816. In 1817 he began the study of
theology under the direction of Bishop Hobart.
He was ordered deacon in Trinity church, New
York, 21 Oct., 1818, by Bishop Hobart, and or-
dained priest in Trinity church, Lansingburg,
N. Y., 13 July, 1820, by the same prelate. He re-
mained in Lansingburg as rector about two years,
when he removed to New York city and became
rector of St. Luke's church, which post he held
for eight years, when he was elected rector of St.
Thomas's church. He removed to Pennsylvania in
1831, taking the rectorship of Trinity church,
Pittsburg, from which post he was elevated to
the episcopate. He was consecrated first bishop of
Indiana, in Christ church, Indianapolis, 16 Dec,
1849. Bishop Upfold received the degree of
S. T. D. from Columbia in 1831, and that of
LL. D. from the Western university of Pennsyl-
vania in 1856. His writings include " The Last
Hundred Years," a lecture (Pittsburg, Pa., 1845) ;
" Manual of Devotions for Domestic and Private
Use " (New York, 1863) ; and sermons, pastoral
letters, and addresses.
UPHAM, James, educator, b. in Salem, Mass., 23 Jan., 1815. He was graduated at Waterville
