Cabanel at the Ecole des beaux arts, Paris, during 1872-'8. He was elected an associate of the Na- tional academy in 1875, and an academician in 1883, and is director of its schools. His more im- portant works are " Paternal Pride " (1878); " Lock- smith" ; " Lace-Makers " ; " Motherly Care " ; " The Tobacco-Field" (1881): "Scene in a Foundry"; " The Last Shock " ; aud " The Cobblers " and " The Blessing " (1886). His " Brittany Washerwomen " was at the salon of 1876, the Philadelphia exhibi- tion of 1876, and at Paris in 1878 with " Venetian Water-Carriers" and "The Sabot-Maker."
WARD, Julius Hammond, clergyman, b. in
Charlton, Worcester co., Mass., 12 Oct., 1837. He
was graduated at Yale in 1860, and at Berkeley
divinity-school, Middletown, Conn., in 1862, and
took orders in the Protestant Episcopal church.
He was rector of parishes in Ansonia and Cheshire,
Conn., Rockland and Thomaston, Me., and Marblehead, Mass., till 1878, since which time he has engaged in literary work. In 1877 he was an editor of the " North American Review." Besides
contributions on religious subjects to the secular
and religious press, he is the author of " Life and
Letters of James Gates Percival " (Boston, 1866) ;
and has ready for the press works on " The Church
in Modern Society," and " The White Mountains."
WARD, Lester Frank, botanist, b. in Joliet, 111.,
18 June, 1841. He was educated at various schools,
but served in the National army in the civil war,
during which he was wounded. In 1865 he settled in
Washington, where he served in the treasury depart-
ment, principally as chief of the division of naviga-
tion and immigration, and as librarian of the U. S.
bureau of statistics. While holding office he was
graduated at Columbian university in 1869 and
at its law department in 1871, and in 1873 for
higher studies was given the degree of A. M. He
began the study of botany in 1872. and has fol-
lowed that science professionally since 1874. In
1881 he entered the service of the U. S. geologi-
cal survey as assistant geologist, and in 1888 at-
tained the grade of geologist, devoting his atten-
tion chiefly to the study of paleo-botany. He also
holds the office of honorary curator of botany and
fossil plants in the U. S. national museum. Mr.
Ward is a member of scientific societies, and his
bibliography includes about 200 titles. His larger
works are " Guide to the Flora of Washington and
Vicinity " (Washington, 1881) ; " Dynamic Soci-
ology, or Applied Social Science" (2 vols., New
York, 1883); "Sketch of Paleo-Botany " (Wash-
ington, 1885) ; " Synopsis of the Flora of the
Laramie Group " (1886) ; " Types of the Laramie
Flora " (1887) : and " Geographical Distribution of
Fossil Plants " (1888).
WARD, Levi, physician, b. in East Guilford
(now Madison), Conn., 29 July, 1771 ; d. in Roches-
ter, N. Y., 4 Jan., 1861. He was educated at Yale,
leaving college to pursue the study of medicine in
East Guilford. After completing his professional
studies he removed to Haddam, Conn., and prac-
tised there for seventeen years. In 1807 he emi-
grated to Bergen, Genesee co., N. Y., where he
managed a large tract of land as agent for the state
of Connecticut. He established mail routes, and
carried on mercantile business at various points,
besides practising medicine, and in 1817 removed
to Rochester, where he became president of the
first savings bank, and also of the Rochester bank,
and was active in enterprises for religious and
public objects and in commercial affairs. — His son,
Ferdinand de Wilton, missionary, b. in Bergen,
Genesee co., N. Y., 9 July, 1812, was graduated at
Union in 1831 and at Princeton theological semi-
nary in 1834, and preached at Albion, N. Y., and
Philadelphia, Pa. He was ordained as an evangel-
ist in Rochester, N. Y., on 31 Aug., 1836, and de-
parted as a missionary of the American board of
commissioners for foreign missions to Madura,
whence he went to Madras. India, and remained
until 1847, laboring with success as a teacher of
Christianity, publishing several volumes in Tamil,
and editing the first periodical in advocacy of ab-
stinence from intoxicating liquors that was printed
in a Hindu language. After returning to the
United States he acted for a year as agent for the
missionary board in western New York, was stated
supply in Rochester in 1849, and then served as
pastor of Presbyterian churches in Geneseo, N. Y.,
till 1861, when he went with the army as chaplain
of the 104th New York volunteers, and was at the
second battle of Bull Run, Chancellorsville, and
Gettysburg. After the close of the civil war he
returned to his former church in Geneseo, resign-
ing in 1871, and acting during the succeeding four
years as district secretary of the American Bible
society. Dr. Ward, who received his degree of D. D.
from Washington college in 1861, is the author of
many historical and literary pamphlets, and has
published in book-form " India and the Hindus "
(New York, 1850) ; " A Christian Gift, or Pastoral
Letters " (Rochester, 1852) ; and " Summer Vacation
Abroad "(1854). — Levi's grandson, Henry Augus-
tus, naturalist, b. in Rochester, N. Y., 9 March,
1834, was educated at Williams college and at
the Lawrence scientific school of Harvard, where
he became assistant to Louis Agassiz in the Muse-
um of comparative zoology. He went to Europe
in 1854, studied zoology in Paris and mineralogy
in Freiberg, and then travelled through Palestine,
Egypt, Nubia, and Arabia, down the west coast of
Africa from Morocco to Guinea, and up Niger
river. He has visited the West Indies and Central
America, and as a mining engineer in the cause
of gold -mining investigations has crossed the
American continent ten times at different places.
From 1860 till 1875 he was professor of natural
sciences in the University of Rochester, and in
1861 he received the degree of A. M. from Williams.
Meanwhile he established in Rochester a labora-
tory for the production of fac-similes of fossils
that he had copied from the great museums of the
world. From this he has developed a natural-
science establishment, which makes a specialty of
obtaining and compiling systematic cabinets in
any department of nature for institutions of learn-
ing and public museums. For this purpose he has
travelled extensively, and has representatives in all
parts of the globe gathering specimens of every-
thing that is rare and curious in natural history.
His aim in this work has been to give system
and exactitude to scientific teaching in America.
Eighty of his cabinets, having an average value of
$6,000 each, are distributed through nearly every
state in the Union. Taxidermy plays an impor-
tant part in his business, and his representations of
animal' forms are famous. His best-known work
of this character is the elephant Jumbo, whose
stuffed effigy, mounted by him, is now in Barnum's
museum at* Tufts college, and the skeleton, care-
fully prepared, is at the National museum in Wash-
ington, D. C. The Ward cabinets of mineralogy
and geology collected by him fill fourteen rooms
in the University of Rochester, and he has made
an extensive collection in modern zoology. In
1871 he was naturalist of the U. S. expedition to
Santo Domingo. Prof. Ward has been elected a
fellow of the geological and zoological societies of
London, has been a fellow of the American associ-
