ed with great strength. Like all the Araucanians, he had become an adept in the management of the horses that had been imported by the Spaniards, and as he liked to fight in armor that he had captured from them, they were accustomed to call him the “Indian knight.”
HILBERNAZ, Francisco de Faria (eel-ber-
nath), Brazilian philanthropist, b. in Sao Paulo in
1669 ; d. there in 1731. He was a mining engineer,
and discovered in 1720 the rich gold-mines at the
foot of the rock called " Itabira " (shining stone).
After the mine had proved successful he built a
town near it on the banks of the river, with a
church, city-hall, and court-house, and the place
soon became one of the foremost of the province
of Minas Geraes. Afterward Hilbernaz sold his
claims to the land and the mine, and returned to
his native place, where he devoted his riches to
the benefit of the people. He founded a botani-
cal garden, a museum of natural history in Sao
Paulo, and otherwise contributed his great wealth
to the improvement of his birthplace. Auguste
de Saint Hilaire, in his " Voyage dans les provinces
de Rio de Janeiro et de Minas Geraes," asserts that
Hilbernaz intended to establish a university in
Sao Paulo, and bequeathed in his will a large sum
for that purpose ; but for some reason, although
the city received the money, it never fulfilled the
intention of the testator.
HILDEBURN, Charles Swift Riche, bibliographer, b. in Philadelphia, Pa., 14 Aug., 1855.
He received his education in private schools. Since
1876 he has been librarian of the Athenaeum of
Philadelphia. He edited with notes " The Inscrip-
tions in St. Peter's Church -Yard, Philadelphia,
copied by Rev. William White Bronson " (1879) ; is
the compiler of " A Century of Printing : the
Issues of the Press in Pennsylvania, 1685-1784"
(2 vols., l885-'6) ; and has contributed numerous
historical and biographical articles to various maga-
zines. He is one of the commissioners to prepare
and publish the statutes at large of Pennsylvania
prior to 1800, which will require about ten vol-
umes, the first to appear in 1888.
HILDEBURN, Mary Jane, author, b. in Phila-
delphia, Pa., 2 Dec, 1821 ; d. there, 18 Sept., 1882.
Her maiden name was Reed, and she was educated
in Philadelphia. She wrote a great number of
Sunday-school books, the principal of which are
"Day Dreams" (Philadelphia, 1854); "Money, or
the Ainsworths," a prize-book (1860) ; " Bessie
Lane's Mistake " (1865) ; "Flora Morris's Choice"
(1867) ; " The Craythorns of Stony Hollow " (1869) ;
and " Gaffeney's Tavern " (1872). She also pub-
lished poems in several magazines under the pen-
name of " Marie Roseau."
HILDRETH, Eugenius Augustus, physician, b. in Wheeling, W. Va., 13 Sept., 1821 ; d.
there 31 Aug., 1885. He was graduated at Kenyon
college in 1840, and at the Medical college of Ohio
in Cincinnati in 1844. After serving as resident
physician of the commercial hospital and lunatic
asylum of Ohio for one year, he settled in Wheel-
ing. He was president of the Wheeling board of
education, also Medical society of West Virginia
in 1876-'7, and served on important committees of
the American medical association. Dr. Hildreth
was a member of the State board of examiners for
surgeons in the army, and from 1873 till 1885
member of the U. S. board of surgeons for pensions.
He was the inventor of surgical appliances, and
published articles upon " Medical Botany of West
Virginia," " Meteorology and Epidemic Diseases of
Ohio County," and " Biographies of Physicians of
Wheeling for the Last Hundred Years."
HILDRETH, Ezekiel, educator, b. in Westford,
Mass., 18 July, 1784; d. in Wheeling, Va., 15
March, 1856. He was graduated at Harvard in
1814, and taught for forty-two years in Ohio,
Tennessee, Kentucky, and Virginia. He published
a grammatical work, entitled •' Logopolis, or City
of Words," a " Key to Knowledge," an essay on the
" Mortality of the Soul," and an address on " Edu-
cation," delivered before an educational convention
in Clarksburg, Va., in 1836.
HILDRETH, Hosea, clergyman, b. in Chelmsford, Mass., 2 Jan., 1782 ; d. in Sterling. Vt., 10 July, 1835. He was a descendant of Richard Hildreth, who emigrated from England in 1643. His father removed to Sterling, Vt., where he purchased a farm. Hosea was graduated at Harvard in 1805, and studied theology. He engaged in teaching until 1811, when he became professor of mathematics in Phillips Exeter academy, where he remained till 1825. In that year he was ordained pastor of a Congregational church in Gloucester Mass., which was afterward divided by the Unitarian controversy. An orthodox church was then established in his parish, of which he held charge until he resigned in 1833. In 1834 he became pastor of a small church in Westborough. He was an advocate of the temperance reform, and was agent of the Massachusetts temperance society. He delivered a Dudleian lecture at Harvard in 1829. and published various sermons. — His son, Richard, author, b. in Deerfield, Mass., 22 June, 1807; d. in Florence, Italy, 11 July, 1865, was graduated at Harvard in 1826. He was admitted to the bar in 1830, and practised law in Newburyport and Boston until 1832, when he became co-editor of the " Boston Atlas," a daily newspaper. This was the exponent or organ of Rufus Choate, Caleb Cushing, and other rising politicians, who were then associated together, and for several years Mr. Hildreth's connection with the new paper gave it a decided pre-eminence among the political journals of New England. His articles were remarkable for the vehemence of their tone, the closeness of their reasoning, and their elaborate historical illustrations. In 1837 he wrote a series of articles for the "Atlas" against the annexation of Texas, and spent the winter of 1837-8 in Washington as correspondent of that journal. He then resumed his editorial post, advocated Gen. Harrison's election to the presidency, and wrote a biography of his candidate. In 1840 he went to Demerara, British Guiana, where he edited successively " The Guiana Chronicle." and " The Royal Gazette," which supported the policy of the British government in the abolition of slavery. He also edited a compilation of the colonial laws of British Guiana, with an historical introduction. For several years he was connected with the New York "Tribune," and also contributed articles to the "American Cyclopaedia." In 1861 he was appointed U. S. consul at Trieste, where he remained until ill health compelled him to relinquish his post. His publications are "The Slave, or Memoir of Archy Moore." an anti-slavery novel (1836 ; new ed., entitled " The White Slave," 1852); "History of Banks" (Boston, 1857); a translation of Bentham's " Theory of Legislation," from the French of Dumont (2 vols., Boston, 1840); " Theory of Morals " (Boston, 1844) ; " Theory of Politics " (New York, 1853) ; " Despotism in America " (Boston, 1854); "Japan as it Was and Is " (Boston, 1855) ; " History of the United States" (6 vols., New York, 1849-56) ; and a compilation from Lord Campbell's " Lives of Atrocious Judges" (Philadelphia, 1857). Among his pamphlets was a letter to Prof. Andrews Norton on " Miracles."
