and became one of the largest in the United States, having a list of over 300 school-books, including " Webster's School Dictionary," "Dana's Geology," "Gray's Botany," "Robinson's Mathematics," "Fasquelle's French Course," and "Wells's Scientific Series." On the retirement of Mr. Phinney in 1866, the firm-name became Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor and Co., and in 1880 Mr. Ivison retired from active participation in the business, and was succeeded by his only son, David B. Ivison.
IWERT, Sebald (e'-vert), Dutch navigator, b. in Antwerp in 1558 ; d. in Magellan in 1603. He became chief of staff to Simon de Cordes when the
latter succeeded, on the death of Admiral Jacques, to the command of the Dutch South American exploring expedition of 1598. The expedition arrived
in Buenos Ayres in December, and anchored in April, 1599, inside the Strait of Magellan, near the Penguin islands, in a bay that they named Mussel
bay. A few days later they advanced 300 miles and entered a water which they named Green bay. After remaining here three months and suffering greatly from cold and sickness, they left at the end of August, and after various other adventures sailed for Antwerp in February, 1600. On 28 Feb., 120 miles from the continent, Iwert discovered a group of three islands which he named the Sebald islands. In 1603 he went again to Magellan, to join the expedition of Olivier de Noort, but died a few days after reaching the Penguin islands. He made a valuable chart of parts of the South American coast, and published " Relation du voyage des Amiraux Mahn et Simon de Cordes au detroit de Magellan " (Leyden, 1603, with charts).
IXTLILCUECHAHUA (isst-leel-quay-chah'-wah),
Toltec king, b. about 734; d. about 825. He
was the son of Chalchiuhtlanetzin, first Toltec king
and founder of that monarchy. Ixtlilcuechahua
ascended the throne of Tula in 771, inherited the
wisdom and prudence of his father, and was
beloved by his subjects. Though he did his best to
maintain peace with the neighboring nations, he
defended his own and enlarged his dominions by
conquest of the countries that attacked Tula. He
made great exertions to civilize his kingdom,
establishing schools for teaching useful arts and
industries, and appointed Huematzin as chronicler
of the kingdom, giving him the special charge
of collecting the historical paintings which his
nation had preserved through all its peregrinations
and which afterward formed the celebrated
Teomaxtli. He reigned fifty-two years, and,
according to the Toltec law, resigned in favor of his
immediate heir, Huetzin, in 823.
IXTLILXOCHITL I. (isst-leel-sot-cheetle'),
Texcocan king, d. in 1419. He was the son of the
celebrated King Techotlalatzin who ascended the
throne in 1357, and his name means black flower's
face. The king of Atzcapotzalco, Tezozomoc, was
his enemy, and intended to dethrone him and
occupy his place. With this intention he made an
arrangement with the other kings of the valley of
Mexico who were tributaries of the kingdom of
Texcoco, and they proclaimed a rebellion. But
Ixtlilxochitl was acknowledged by several of the
chiefs assembled in the city of Huexutla, and
Tezozomoc, gathering a strong army, marched
against Texcoco, but was defeated, and Ixtlilxochitl
granted him a generous pardon. The ambitious
Tezozomoc was not grateful for this act of mercy,
and when he returned to his kingdom occupied
himself in preparing a new expedition against
Texcoco. With a powerful army he entered the
kingdom again, and though Ixtlilxochitl was
prepared to resist him, he was surprised in a wood
where he was hunting. Immediately he and those
who accompanied him were put to death, the royal
insignia were carried to Atzcapotzalco, and
Tezozomoc was crowned king of Texcoco. Ixtlilxochitl's
son witnessed from a tree the death of his
father and swore to avenge it, as he did, killing in
1531 Tezozomoc's son and successor, Maxtla.
IXTLILXOCHITL II., Texcocan king, b.
about 1500; d. about 1550. He was the son of
Netzahualpilli, king of Texcoco. The astrologer
who cast the boy's horoscope at his birth advised
his father to take the infant's life, since, if he lived
to grow up, he was destined to unite with the
enemies of his country and overturn its institutions
and religion. But the old monarch replied,
according to the chroniclers, that the time had
arrived when the sons of Quetzalcoatl were to
come from the east to take possession of the land;
and, if the Almighty had selected his child to
co-operate with them in the work, his will might be
done. When he was about twelve years old the lad
formed a band of followers of his own age, with
whom he practised military exercises, throwing the
whole city into uproar and confusion, and when
some of his father's counsellors repeated the advice
of the astrologers he put himself at the head of a
party and, entering the houses of the counsellors,
dragged them forth and put them to death. For
this he was seized and brought before his father,
but the latter contented himself with bestowing an
admonition on the culprit. As he grew older the
prince took an active part in the wars of his country,
and when ho more than seventeen years old
had won for himself the insignia of a victorious
captain. In 1516 Netzahualpilli died, and the
succession was contested by two of his sons, Cacamatzin
and Ixtlilxochitl. The former was supported
by Montezuma, emperor of Mexico, but the latter,
appealing to the patriotic sentiment of his nation,
would have persuaded them that his brother was
too much in the Mexican interest to be true to his
own country. A civil war ensued, and ended by a
compromise, by which one half of the kingdom,
with the capital, remained to Cacamatzin and the
northern part to his brother. Ixtlilxochitl became
from that time the enemy of Montezuma. On the
arrival of the Spaniards, the young chieftain sent
an embassy to Cortés while he was at Tlaxcala,
offering him his services and asking his aid in
return. Through the influence of Cortés, Cacamatzin
was deposed and Ixtlilxochitl finally placed on the
throne. He was faithful to the Spaniards, and
fought with them during the time of the conquest.
As years passed he became more and more the
friend of the conqueror and the enemy of his
country and race. His important services have
been commemorated by the Spanish historians, who
have given him the melancholy glory of contributing
more than any other chieftain of America to
enslave his countrymen. After the submission of
Mexico he was baptized and took the name of
Hernan Cortés, after that of the conqueror, who
was his godfather on this occasion. Afterward he
took great interest in the propagation of
Christianity, and brought in a bag the first stones to
build the church of the convent of San Francisco
in the city of Mexico. He accompanied Cortés on
his expedition to Hibueras in 1525.
IXTLILXOCHITL, Fernando de Alba, Mexican historian, b. in Texcoco in 1570; d. therein 1649. He was descended, through his mother, from the ancient kings of Texcoco, and, on the death of his eldest brother in 1602, he was declared by a royal decree heir to the titles and possessions of his family. The property, however, does not
