KELLEY, Hall Jackson, colonist, b. in North- wood, N. H, 28 Feb., 1790; d. in Palmer, Mass., 17 Jan., 1874. He was graduated at Middlebury in 1813, became principal of a public school in Boston, Mass., and was interested in various edu- cational enterprises, writing several text-books, founding the Boston young men's educational so- ciety, and organizing the first Sunday-school in New England. He was subsequently engaged as a surveyor on railroads in Maine, and projected a canal from Boston to the Connecticut river, and a railroad from the city of Mexico to Vera Cruz. For many years, beginning about 1817, he was in- terested in the settlement of the country west of the Rocky mountains. In 1829 he procured from the legislature of Massachusetts an act of incor- poration of the " American society for encouraging the settlement of the Oregon territory." He pub- lished a " Geographical Memoir of Oregon " (Bos- ton, 1830), accompanied by the first map of that territory that ever was compiled, and a manual of the Oregon expedition for the guidance of emi- grants. In 1831 he completed arrangements for sending out a party of several hundred persons, but the plan was abandoned at the last moment. A few months later he set out with a smaller com- pany that reached New Orleans, but disbanded there, to Kelley's great personal loss. He then went to Mexico, and, after many adventures and hardships, organized a party of Americans who had settled at Monterey, and with them finally arrived in Oregon, but was almost at once evicted by the Hudson bay company. He then returned to Bos- ton, broken in health and fortune, and during his later life resided in Palmer, Mass. Harvard and Middlebury colleges gave him the degree of A. M. in 1820. He published, in addition to the writ- ings already mentioned, " A History of the Set- tlement of Oregon and of the Interior of Upper California, and of Persecutions and Afflictions of Forty Years' Continuance endured by the Author " (Springfield, Mass., 1868).
KELLEY, William Darrah, congressman, b. in
Philadelphia, Pa., 12 April, 1814; d. in Washington,
D. C, 9 Jan., 1890. His grandfather, John, was a
Revolutionary officer, of Salem county, N. J. Will-
iam was apprenticed first to a printer and subse-
quently to a jeweller in Boston, where, while fol-
lowing his trade, he acquired a reputation as a
writer and speaker. Returning to Philadelphia in
1840 he studied law, was admitted to the bar the
next year, and while practising his profession de-
voted much time to literary pursuits. He was
attorney-general of the state in 1845-'6, and a judge
of the court of common pleas of Philadelphia from
1846 till 1856. Until 1848 Mr. Kelley was a Demo-
crat and free-trader, but in 1854 he joined the
Republican party, became a protectionist and an
ardent abolitionist, and delivered in Philadelphia
in 1854 an address on " Slavery in the Territories,"
that became widely known. In 1860 he was a dele-
gate to the National Republican convention, and
was elected to congress, where he was for many
years before his death the senior member of the
house in continuous service. He was a member
of numerous committees, such as those on naval
affairs, agriculture, and Indian affairs, was chair-
man of that on weights and measures in the 40th
congress, and of that on the Centennial celebra-
tion. He was often called the " Father of the
House," and was popularly known as " Pig-iron
Kelley." In addition to many political speeches
and literary essays, he published " Address at the
Colored Department of the House of Refuge "
(Philadelphia, 1850); "Reasons for abandoning
the Theory of Free Trade and adopting the Prin-
ciple of Protection to American Industry " (1872) ;
"Speeches, Addresses"; "Letters on Industrial
and Financial Questions" (1872); "Letters from
Europe " (1880) ; and " The New South " (1887).
KELLOGG, Edward, economist, b. in Norwalk,
Conn., 18 Oct., 1790 ; d. in New York city, 29 April,
1858. He had little early education, arid soon af-
ter coming of age engaged in business on his own
account in Norwalk. In 1820 he removed to New
York city, and established the firm of Edward
Kellogg and Co. In the financial crisis of 1837
his attention was turned to the evils that resulted
from the existing monetary system. After much
thought he concluded that all money should be
issued by the government, and so managed that
usury could not be exacted nor losses be incurred
in exchange between foreign countries. To effect
this he proposed to establish a National safety
fund, and issue notes bearing interest at the rate
of two per cent per annum, payable half-yearly in
gold or silver. In 1843, with "the encouragement
of Horace Greeley, he published his views in news-
paper-form under the title of " Usury, the Evil and
Remedy," a few months later printing them in a
pamphlet, with some additions, under the title of
11 Currency, the Evil and the Remedy, by Godek
Gardwell 5 ' (New York, 1844). He subsequently
retired from active business and devoted himself
to the study of finance. He also published " Labor
and Other Capital " (1849 ; new ed., by his daugh-
ter, Mary Kellogg Putnam, entitled "A New
Monetary System," 1861).
KELLOGG, Elijah, clergyman, b. in Portland,
Me., 20 May, 1813. He was graduated at Bow-
doin in 1840, and at Andover theological seminary
in 1843. The next year he was ordained pastor of
the Congregational church in Harpswell, Me., and
in 1855-65 he was chaplain of the Boston seaman's
friend society. Since the latter date he has for
the most part been engaged in writing juvenile
books. He has also delivered various lectures, and
is the author of the popular " Address of Sparti-
cus to the Gladiators." His books include " The
Elm Island Series " (Boston, 1868-'70) ; " Pleasant
Cove Series" (1870-'4); "Whispering Pine Series"
(1871-'3); "Good Old Times Series" (1877-'82);
and " The Forest Glen Series " (1878).
KELLOGG, Francis W., congressman, b. in
Washington, Hampshire co., Mass., 30 May, 1810 ;
d. in Alliance, Ohio, in November, 1878. After re-
ceiving a limited education he removed to Grand
Rapids, Mich., and engaged in the lumber business.
In 1856-'7 he was a member of the legislature, and
from 1859 till 1865 served in congress, having been
chosen as a Republican. During the civil war
he raised six regiments of cavalry for the Na-
tional army. In 1865 he was appointed collector
of internal revenue for the southern district of
Alabama, and was a member of congress from 22
July, 1868, till 3 March, 1869.
KELLOGG, George, inventor, b. in New Hartford, Conn., 19 June, 1812. He was graduated at Wesleyan university in 1837, and after engaging in the manufacture of machinery was principal of Sumter academy, Sumterville, S. C. in 1838-'41. He then became a manufacturer at Birmingham,
Conn., and in 1855 removed to New York to educate his daughter. In 1863-'6 he was a U. S. revenue officer, and afterward engaged in manufacturing and in various experiments, removing to Cold Spring, N. Y. He has testified as an expert in noted patent cases, and has made many inventions, including a machine to make jack-chain at the rate of a yard a minute (1844) ; a dovetailing-ma-
