science and worship for Americans in China, and Chinese in America; for joint efforts against the cooly trade; for the enjoyment by Chinese in America and Americans in China of all rights in respect to travel and residence accorded to citizens of the most favored nation; for similar reciprocal rights in the matter of the public educational institutions of the two countries, and for the right of establishing schools by citizens of either country in the other. The concluding article disclaims, on the part of the United States, the right of interference with the domestic administration of China in the matter of railroads, telegraphs, and internal improvements, but agrees that the United States will furnish assistance in these points on proper conditions, when requested by the Chinese government. From America Mr. Burlingame proceeded in the latter part of 1868 to England, and thence to France (1869), Denmark, Sweden, Holland, and Prussia, in all of which countries he was favorably received, and in all of which, but France, to which he intended returning, he negotiated important treaties or articles of agreement. He reached St. Petersburg early in 1870, and had just entered upon the business of his mission when he died of pneumonia, after an illness of only a few days. — His son, Edward Livermore, b. in Boston, Mass., 30 May, 1848, entered Harvard, but left before graduation, accompanying his father to China as his private secretary. He studied at Heidelberg, Germany, in 1867-'9, taking the degree of Ph. D., and afterward at Berlin. He travelled extensively in Japan and China in 1866, and afterward in Europe. He was on the editorial staff of the New York “Tribune” in 1871, and on that for the revision of the “American Cyclopaedia” in 1872-'6, has been a contributor to periodical literature, and associated in the preparation of several histories and other works. In 1879 he became connected editorially with the publishing-house of Charles Scribner's Sons, New York, and in 1886 was appointed editor of its new magazine. He has translated and edited “Art Life and Theories of Richard Wagner” (New York, 1875).
BURMEISTER, Karl Hermann Konrad,
zoölogist, b. in Stralsund, Germany, 15 Jan., 1807;
d. in Buenos Ayres, 1 May, 1891. He became
professor of zoölogy at Halle in 1842; in 1848, during
the revolutionary excitement, he was sent by the
city of Halle as deputy to the national assembly,
and subsequently by the town of Leibnitz to the
first Prussian chamber. At the close of the session
he travelled for two years in Brazil, and in 1861 was
appointed director of the Museum of natural history
at Buenos Ayres. He was also at the head of
the academy of sciences, formed from the scientific
faculty of the national university of Cordoba,
Argentine Republic. Among his works are a “Treatise
on Natural History” (Halle, 1830); “Manual
of Entomology” (4 vols., 1832-4); “Natural
History of the Calandra Species” (1837); “The
History of Creation” (Leipsic, 1843); “Geological
Pictures of the History of the Earth and its
Inhabitants” (1851); and “The Animals of Brazil”
(2 vols., 1854-'6). Dr. Burmeister has also
published the “Anales del Museo Publico,” a scientific
periodical which contained detailed descriptions of
many new species, the originals of which are in the
museum at Buenos Ayres. The huge edentates
and other mammalia, which have rendered that
museum, which was established by him, so famous,
are described and pictured in this work.
BURNABY, Andrew, English clergyman, b. in Asfordby, Leicestershire, in 1732 ; d. 9 March, 1812.
He was educated at Westminster and Cambridge,
receiving the degree of M. A. in 1757. He published, in 1776, "Travels through the Middle Settlements of North America in 1759-'60," and in 1786 was made archdeacon of Leicester.
BURNAP, George Washington, clergyman, b.
in Merrimack, N. H., 30 Nov., 1802; d. in Phila-
delphia, Pa., 8 Sept., 1859. He was graduated at
Harvard in 1824, and on 23 April, 1828, was or-
dained pastor of the 1st Congregational church of
Baltimore. Among his published works are " Lec-
tures on the Doctrines of Controversy between Uni-
tarians and other Denominations of Christians"
(1835) ; " Lectures to Young Men " (Baltimore,
1840) ; " Lectures on the Sphere and Duty of Wom-
an " (1840) ; " Lectures on the History of Christian-
ity " (1842) ; " Biography of Henry A. Ingalls "
(1845) ; " Expository Lectures on the Principal
Texts which relate to the Doctrine of the Trinity "
(1845); "Miscellaneous Writings" (Philadelphia);
" Popular Objections to Unitarian Christianity Con-
sidered and Answered " (Boston, 1848) ; " What is
Unitarianism ? " (1848) ; " Lectures on Doctrines of
Christianity " (1848) ; " Discourses on the Rectitude
of Human Nature " (1850) ; " Christianity, its Es-
sence and Evidence, or an Analysis of the New
Testament," a compendious and lucid statement
of the biblical theology of the author's particular
school of Unitarianism (1855).
BURNET, Robert, Canadian clergyman, b. in
Ladykirk, Berwickshire, Scotland, in June, 1823.
He was educated at Edinburgh and Aberdeen, and
received ordination as a Presbyterian minister in
1852. Soon afterward he went to Canada as a mis-
sionary, was stationed at Hamilton, and called to
the pastorate of St. Andrew's church there. Here
he remained for twenty-five years, and established
a flourishing congregation. In 1876 he took charge
of St. Stephen's church, London, and remained
in connection with it for three years, when he
accepted a call from the Pictou, N. S., Presbyte-
rian church. As a preacher, Mr. Burnet is dis-
tinguished for his clear, well-arranged sermons,
which are often eloquent in the highest degree,
and always delivered extemporaneously. He is
also well known in a widely different sphere of ac-
tion, being regarded as an authority on the subjects
of scientific agriculture and fruit-culture. While
a resident of Ontario he was a member of the Do-
minion and Provincial boards of agriculture, of the
Entomological society, and the Fruit-growers' asso-
ciation. Papers by him on scientific subjects have
been published in the "Transactions" of the
American pomological society.
BURNET, William, colonial governor, b. at the Hague, Holland, in March, 1688 ; d. in Boston, Mass., 7 Sept., 1728. He was the eldest son of Bishop Burnet, and had for his godfather William of Orange, afterward king of England. Having lost his fortune by speculation in the shares of Law's South Sea company, he obtained the appointment of governor of the colonies of New York and New Jersey, relinquishing the post of comptroller-general of customs in England, in which he was succeeded by Robert Hunter, the retiring governor of New York. He arrived, 17 Sept., 1720, and instituted a vigorous policy to frustrate French schemes of aggrandizement, and to acquire the interior for Great Britain. In 1722 he established a trading-post at Oswego, where, in 1696, Frontenac, French governor of Canada, had built a stockade fort, and in 1727 he erected there and armed, at his own expense, a small fort, planting the English
standard for the first time on the great lakes, though the friendly Senecas and Oneidas objected, and Beauharnois, governor of Canada, protested vigorously. He convened a congress of governors
