was returned to the legislature in that year, and was a delegate to the Eepubliean national conven- tion at Chicago in 1860. In 1865 he was elected U. S. senator from New Hampshire, and served as chairman of the committee on contingent expenses of the senate ; was re-elected to the senate in 1871, and was chairman of the committee on naval af- fairs. He was one of the commissioners appointed for the sale of the Hot Springs of Arkansas.
CRAGIN, Francis Whittemore, naturalist, b.
in Greenfield, N. II., 4 Sept., 1858. He studied at
Washburn college in Topeka, Kansas, at the Brook-
lyn polytechnic institute, and was graduated at
Lawrence scientific school of Harvard univer-
sity in 1883. Subsequently he travelled through-
out the United States, for the purpose of collecting
specimens in natural history. During the winter
of 1883-'4 he established, under the patronage of
Washburn coUege, the Washburn biological survey
of Kansas, a work that has thrown much light on
the fauna and flora of the great central plain of
North America, and has resulted in the discovery
of many new species of both animals and plants.
Mr. Cragin is a member of the American associa-
tion for the advancement of science, and of the
Kansas academy of science. He has published the
" Bulletin of the Washburn College Laboratory of
Natural History " (September, 1884 et seq.), which
contains the reports of the biological survey, with
notes and a paper on the natural history of the
west and southwest.
CRAIDER, Frederick, Revolutionary veteran,
d. in Meadville, Miss., in August. 1866, at the age
of 108 years. He fought in the Continental army,
and was a veteran also of the war of 1812-'5.
CRAIG, Alexander Johnson, educator, b. in
Goshen, Orange co., N. Y., 11 Nov., 1833; d. in
Madison, Wis., 5 July, 1870. After receiving a
common school education, he removed in 1843 to
Palmyra, Wis., where he lived about fifteen years,
teaching for a part of the time and holding several
local offices. He became a practical surveyor, and
worked at the carpenter's trade several years, also
furnishing plans for school-buildings in different
parts of the state. He became principal of a Mil-
waukee school in 1854, and in 1858-'9 edited the
Wisconsin " Journal of Education " at Racine and
Madison, Wis. In 1859-60, he was a member of
the legislature. He was president of the State
teachers' association, and was chosen assistant state
superintendent of schools in 1860, and from 1868
till his death was superintendent-in-chief.
CRAIG, Henry Knox, soldier, b. in Fort Pitt,
Pittsburg, Pa., 7 March, 1791 ; d. in Washington,
D. C, 7 Dec, 1869. After being educated in Pitts-
burg, he was appointed second lieutenant in the
3d artillery, 17 March, 1813, and was engaged in
the occupation of Fort George and the night as-
sault at Stony Creek, Canada. He was promoted
to captain, 83 Dec, 1813, commanded Fort Niaga-
ra, N. Y., in 1814, and was transferred to the light
artillery, 17 May, 1815. He was superintendent of
lead-mines in Missouri and Illinois from 1831 till
1835, was made major of ordnance, 30 May, 1833,
and was chief of ordnance of the army of occupa-
tion in Texas and Mexico in 1847. He distin-
guished himself at Palo Alto and Resaca de la
Palma, and was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for
bravery at Monterej% 33 Sept., 1846. He was made
full lieutenant-coloiiel, 35 March, 1848, was inspec-
tor of arsenals till 1851, and then became colonel
of ordnance. He had charge of the ordnance bu-
reau at Washington till 1861, and was retired
from active service, 1 June, 1863. On 13 March,
1865, he was brevetted brigadier-general. In 1861
Col. Craig furnished to congress, at its request, an
account of the arms transferred by Secretary John
B. Floyd to southern arsenals in the year 1860. —
His nephew, Isaac Eugene, artist, b. near Pitts-
burg, Pa., about 1830. After studying art in Pitts-
burg and Philadelphia, he went to Europe in 1853,
intending to devote himself to the German school,
but changed his mind after spending a few days in
the Louvre, and remained in Paris for study. He
returned to the United States in 1855, but went to
Europe again in 1863, and finally settled in Flor-
ence. His works have rarely been exhibited in
public. They include " Saul and David " ; " The
Emigrant's Grave " ; " Daughter of Jairus " ; " The
Brazen Serpent " ; " Pygmalion " ; " Shylock Sign-
ing the Bond " ; " Peace " ; " Easter Hymn " ; and
" Venus and Cupid." He has also painted a por-
trait of Joel T. Hart, the Kentucky sculptor, and
some characteristic and striking views of Venice.
CRAIG, James, soldier, b. in Pennsylvania, 7
May, 1830; d. in St. Joseph, Mo., 31 Oct., 1888.
He studied law and removed to the west. In the
Mexican war he was a captain in the Missouri
mounted rifles from August, 1847, till November,
1848. He was state attorney for the twelfth judi-
cial circuit in 1853-'6, and was then elected to con-
gress as a democrat, serving from 7 Dec, 1857, till
3 March, 1861. President Lincoln appointed him
brigadier-general of volunteers, 21 March, 1863,
and he served in the west.
CRAIG, Sir James Henry, British soldier, b.
in Gibraltar in 1749 ; d. 13 Jan., 1813. His father
was civil and military judge at Gibraltar. At the
age of fourteen the son entered the army with the
rank of ensign, and in 1770 was aide-de-camp to
Gen. Sir Robert Boyd, governor of Gibraltar. In
1771 he was captain of the 47th foot, with which
he went to America in 1774. He was engaged in
the battles of Lexington and Bunker Hill, where he
was severely wounded, as he was also at the en-
gagements at Hubbardton and Freeman's Farm.
He was included in the convention at Saratoga,
and was sent to Britain with despatches. In De-
cember, 1777, he was appointed a major of the 82d
regiment. Pie was ordered to Nova Scotia in 1778,
and engaged in the operations at Penobscot in 1779.
Pie occupied Wilmington, N. C, in January, 1781,
and when Cornwallis surrendered in November,
1781, he abandoned that place. At this time he
held the rank of lieutenant-colonel. In 1795 he was
sent to the Cape of Good Hope, being now a ma-
jor-general, in command of the expedition against
that colony, and, aided by Admiral Elphinstone
and Maj.-Gen. Clarke, effected its conquest. In
1797 he went to India and commanded the success-
ful expedition against Manila. He was promoted
lieutenant-general in January, 1801, and returned
to Britain in 1803. In 1805 he was on duty at Lis-
bon, Gibraltar, Malta, and Naples, and with Sir
John Stuart led the Army of the Mediterranean to
Sicily. In 1807, when the relations existing be-
tween Great Britain and the United States were
strained, he was sent over as lieutenant-governor of
Lower Canada and commander-in-chief of the forces
at Quebec. His official career in Canada was not suc-
cessful, chiefly because of the prejudice and hatred
with which the French Canadians regarded their
British conquerors. The majority in tlie province
showed its animus by electing to the first assembly
a M. Panet, who could not speak a word of Eng-
lish. At times it was impossible to secure the at-
tendance of a sufficient number of members to con-
duct the public business, and when they did meet
it was only to contend about religion and nationali-
ty. The bluff soldier found such an assembly in-
