ANDLAW 468 ANDRADA monastery, at Saint Malo, and again Prior of St. Ed- mund's, in Paris, from 1G6S to 1669. Sent out on the English mission, lie died at Saxton Hall in York- shire. He left a "History of the Iconoclasts during the Reign of the Emperors Leo Isauricus, Con.stantin Copronimus, Leo IV, Constantin and Irene, Leo the Armenian, Michael Balbus, Theophilus, Michael III, and Theodora" (1671). Thomas Walsh. Andlaw, Heinrich Bernhard, Freiherr von, a famous Catholic statesman of the nineteenth century, b. 20 .-Vugust. 1S()2, at Freiburg im Breisgau; d. 3 May, 1871. His chief sphere of activity was in Baden, but he took part in the general movement of German Catholicism. He was the younger son of Baron Konrad Karl, Frhr. von Andlaw-Birseck, ■who had emigrated from Switzerland and entered the Austrian service, and who, after the union of Breisgau with Baden (1806), worthily filled official and ministerial positions in the latter State. The son received a good state-school education, studied at Landshut and Freiburg, served for a short time as an officer of dragoons, travelled in France and Italy, and was then received into the Baden service as a councillor in a department of the State. He remained tlicre, however, only until the year 1830, when he withdrew to his estate of Hugstetten, in the neighbourhood of Freiburg, and acted thencefor- ward, until the day of his death, as an independent in politics. In 1835 the landed nobility of Murg elected him to the Lower House of the Baden legislature, of which, except for two short intervals, he remained a member until his sixtieth year. What especially characterized Andlaw among the many contemporary leaders of German Catholicism was the charm of his knightly bearing, his manly, honest faith, the tone of his discourse, and the rich music of his voice. He has been rightly called the German Montalembert. If, on the one hand, he lacked the Frenchman's youthful fervour, on the other, he was a more profound statesman, who thought in true statesmanlike fashion not only in matters affecting the local administration of his own State but in those connected with the national policy of Germany. For this reason he deserves to be less completely forgotten by the present gen- eration. There is some ground for this in the fact that Andlaw never found an opportunity, as head of a State government, to put his views into practice. He experienced an invincible aversion to Baden methods of government both before and after the Revolution of 1848, to the bureaucratic as well as to the liberal-constitutional. Twice, in 1848 and in 1856, he went so far as to move the impeach- ment of the leading ministers. It was under these conditions that he set out, with the Catholics of his country, "from Egypt to the land of liberty." He renounced all attempts at direct offensive action against the Baden government, and sought to perfect the reorganization of the Catholics of Germany and to assure their participation in the politico-ecclesi- astical affairs of the fatherland on the basis of the common law and along the lines of modern parliamentary methods. In these two things he beheld a guarantee for the future social and political transformation of Germany. He devoted himself especially to societies and to charitable undertak- ings. He was four times president of the Catholic Congress: at Linz in 18,50, at Munich in 1861, at Trier in 1865, and at Fulda in 1870. The centre of his activity remained till the end in Baden, where, since 18.37, he had been helpful in all politico- ecclesiastical matters to Archbishop von Vicari, whom he held in high honour. It was this devo- tion which moved the chairman of the First Catholic Congress at Mainz (184S) to hail .Andlaw as "pre- eminently a man of action and conflict, at a time when few Germans dare to espouse the cause of the Church". His writings are: " Ueber die Stiftungen im Grossherzogtum Baden" (Freiburg, 1845); "Offenes Sendschreiben an Dr. J. B. v. Hir.scher zur Abwehr gegen dessen Angriffe auf die katho- lischen Vereine" (Mainz, 1850); " Uer Aufruhr und Umsturz in Baden, als eine natiirliche Folge der Landesgesetzgebung " (4 sections, Freiburg, 1850); " Offenes Sendschreiben iiber politischc und reli- giose Freiheit an dem Grafen Theodor v. Scherer" (Freiburg, 1861); "Offenes Sendschreiben an Herrn Dr. Joh. von Kuhn iiber die Frage der ' freien katho- lischen Universitat' " (Frankfurt, 1863); "Die badischen Wirren im Lichte der Landesverfassung und Bundesgesetze" (Freiburg, 1865); "Gedanken meiner Musse" (in two parts; a portion of the first part published in 1859; the whole work, at Freiburg, in 1860, 1865). Literary and biographical notices concerning Andlaw, of a very superficial character, are to be found in Badische Biografim, I (1875). Binder in Kirchenlei., 2d edition. Martin Spahn. Andleby, William, Venerable, martyred at York 4 July, 1597. He was born at Ettop in York- shire of a well-known gentle family. At twenty- five he went abroad to take part in the Dutch war (see Armada, Spanish), and called at Douay to interview Dr. Allen, whom he attempted to confute in argument. Next day he recognized that Allen was right, w.os converted, and eventually became a priest. Mention is found of his having served at Mr. Tyrwhitt's, in Lincolnshire, and also of his hav- ing succoured the Catholic prisoners in Hull block- house. "His zeal for souls was such as to spare no pains and to fear no dangers. For the first four years of his mission he travelled always on foot, meanly attired, and carrying with him usually in a bag his vestments and other things for saying Mass; for his labours lay chiefly amongst the poor, who were not stocked with such things. Afterwards, humbly yielding to the advice of his brethren, he used a horse and went somewhat better clad. Won- derful was the austerity of his life in frequent watch- ings, fastings, and continual prayer, his soul so absorbed in God that he often took no notice of those he met; by which means he was sometimes exposed to suspicions and dangers from the enemies of his faith, into whose hands he at last fell after twenty years' labour in the vineyard of the Lord" (Challoncr). He was condemned for his priestly character, and suffered, as stated above, with three laymen, John Abbot, Thomas Warcop, and Edward Fulthrop. Patrick Ryan. Andorra. See Urgel. Andrada, Alonso, biographer and ascetic writer, b. at Toledo, Spain, 1590; d. at Madrid, 20 June, 1672. Before entering the Society of Jesus (1612) he read philosophy in Toledo, was afterwards rector of Plasencia and minister in foreign countries. In his declining years he wrote some thirty-four volumes on different Dubjects, some worthy of note for their learning, excellence of doctrine, and pleasing style, which to some extent conceal his carelessness and excessive simplicity. He is chiefly known as the continuator of Nuremlicrg's "Varones Ilustres", biographies of distinguished members of the Society of Jesus. His "Gufa de la Virtud 6 Imitacion de Nuestra Sefiora" deserves special mention. Antonio. Bihliotheca Nova; Sommervogel, Biblioth^que delacie.deJ., 1,317. Nazario Perez. Andrada, Antonio de, the pioneer missionary and explorer of Thibet in the seventeenth century, b. at Oleiros, Portugal, 1580; d. at Goa, 19 March, 1634. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1596. From 1600 to 1624 he was the cliief missionary in
