TRINITY
58
TRIPOLI
a museum, a library of 12,000 volumes, and a tem-
porary chapel. The O'Connor Art Gallery and
Auditorium, a hall provided by the generosity of Judge
and Mrs. M. P. O'Connor of San Jose, California,
houses a large and valuable collection of paintings,
water colours, mosaics, photographs, and statuary,
which was opened to visitors on 31 May, 1904, in the
presence of the donors. The Holahan Social Hall
contains some rare old paintings, a bequest to the
college in 1907 by Miss Amanda Holahan of Phila-
delphia. The administration of the college is in the
hands of an advisory board, of which Cardinal Gibbons
is president, and the members comprise the rector, and
vice-rector of the Catholic University, the provincial
superior of the Sisters of Notre Dame, the president
of the college, who is also the superior of the com-
munity, and the president of the auxiliary board of
regents. The auxihary board of regents and its
associate boards draw
their members from
all parts of the United
States, being com-
posed of Catholic
ladies who can help
the cause of higher
education by their
influence and exam-
ple. The college has
no endowment. By
the liberality of
friends, seventeen
scholarships have
been established. The
faculty of Trinity
College is composed
of six- professors from
the Catholic Univer-
sity in the depart-
ments of philosophy,
education, a p o 1 o -
getics, economics, and sociology, and seventeen
Sisters of Notre Dame in the departments
of religion, Sacred Scripture, ancient and modern
languages, English, history, logic, mathematics, the
physical sciences, music, and art. The college opened
its courses on 7 November, 1900, with twenty-two stu-
dents in the Freshman class and has grown only by
promotion and admission. For 1911-12, 160 were
registered. Admission is by examination according
to the requirements of the College Entrance Examina-
tion Board; no specialists are received; and there is
no preparatory department. The number of degrees
conferred (1904-1912) is 160, viz.: master of arts, 8;
bachelor of arts, 130; bachelor of letters, 20; bachelor
of science, 2.
Annals of Trinity College (Washington, D. C); Sister of Notre D.\me, The Life of Sister Julia, Promncial Superior of the Sisters of Notre Dame (Washington, D. C, 1911); McDevitt, Trinity College and the Higher Education in The Catholic World (Juno, 1904): Howe, Trinity College in Donahoe's Magazine (October, 1900).
Slster of Notre Dame.
Trinity Sunday is the first Sunday after Pentecost, instituted to honour the Most Holy Trinity. In the early Church no special Oflice or day was assigned for the Holy Trinity. When the Arian heresy was spreading the Fathers prepared an Office with canti- cles, responses, a Preface, and hymns, to be recited on Sundays. In the Sacramentary of St. Gregory the Great (P. L., LXXVIII, 116) there are prayers and the Preface of the Trinity. The Micrologics (P. L., CLI, 1020), written during the pontificate of Gregory VII (Nilles, II, 460), call the Sunday after Pentecost a Dominica vacanx, with no special Office, but add that in some places they recited the Office of the Holy Trinity composed b>- I^ishnp Stephen of Liege (903- 20). By others the Otticc w.-is said on the Sunday be- fore Advent. Alexander II (1061-1073), not III
(Nilles, 1. c), refused a petition for a special feast on
the plea that such a feast was not customary in the
Roman Church which daily honoured the Holy
Trinity by the Gloria Patri, etc., but he did not forbid
the celebration where it already existed. John XXII
(1316-1334) ordered the feast for the entire Church on
the first Sunday after Pentecost. A new Office had
been made by the Franciscan John Peckham, Canon
of Lyons, later Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1292).
The feast ranked as a double of the second class but
was raised to the dignitv of a primarv of the first
class, 24 July, 1911, by Pius X (Acta Ap. Sedis, III,
351). The Greeks have no special feast. Since it
was after the first great Pentecost that the doctrine
of the Trinity was proclaimed to the world, the
feast becomingly follows that of Pentecost.
NiLi.ES. Kal. man. (Innsbruck, 1S97); Binterim. DenkwHrdig keiten, I. 264: Kellner, Heortology (London, 1908), 116: Bitr- MER, Geschichte des Br&- luers (Freiburg, 1895), 298.
Francis IMershman.
Triple- Candle- Stick, a name given along with several others (e. g. reed, Iricereo, arundo, iri- n n gulum , lumen Christi) to a church ornament used only in the office of Holy Saturday. The three candles of which it is composed are succes- sively lighted, as the sacred ministers pro- ceed up the church, from the fire conse- crated in the porch, and at each lighting the deacon sings the acclamation "Lumen Christi", the assistants gen-, uflecting and answering "Deo gratias". As this ceremony is full.v discussed under the heading Lumen Christi (and cf. Fire, Liturgical Use of) it will be sufficient to say a word here about the material instrument used for the purpose. Both the rubrics of the Missal and the " Cajremoniale Epis- coporuni" seem to assume that the so-called triple- candlestick is not a permanent piece of furniture, but merely an arrangement of three candles temjiorarily attached to a reed or wand, such a reed for example as is used by the acolytes to light the candles with. " Pra>paretur arundo cmn tribus candelis in summitate positis" (Cter. Epis., II, x.\vii, 1). In practice, how- ever, we often find a brass candlestick constructed for the purpose with a long handle. Barbier de Mon- tault(Traite pratique, etc.,II,311)infersfrom the word- ing of the Missal rubric (arundo cum tribus candelis in summitate illius triangulo distinctis) that one of the three candles should stand higher than the other, so that the three flames may form a triangle in the vertical plane. A triple and double candlestick are used by bishops of the Greek Church to bless the people with, and an elaborate symbolism is attached to this rite. Thurston, Lent and Holy Week (London, 1904).
Herbert Thurston.
Tripoli, Prefecture .\postolic of. — Tripolitana, one of the:uicient Barbary Stales, lies in North Africa along flu- Mediterranean, from 6° to 22° E. long., and from 27° to 33° N. lat., between Egypt on the east, Tunisia on the west, the desert on the south, and the sea on the north. Its area cannot be precisely deter- mined, but equals at least 39.5,641 sq. miles. The boundaries of some portions are ill-defined. Shortly after the outbreak of hostilities between the Italians
