CANADA
146
OAKADA
hands of the Christian Brothers, who opened a
school under the name of St. John's College. After
five years, St. John's College proved equally a fail-
ure and was closed in 1876. The property was then
purchased by Mr. John Lawler, and in 1880 pre-
sented to the Jesuits, and that same year the
Fathers of the Buffalo Mission opened the ^'Sacred
Heart College" at Prairie du Chien. The opening
year there were 61 students, of whom 25 were day
scholars.
The first president was the Rev. William Becker, S.J., who had been the founder and first president of Canisius College, Buffalo. The faculty of the new college also numbered among its mem- bers the Rev. John Hagen, S. J., at present head of the Papal Observatonr at Rome. At the end of Father Becker's presidency the number had so in- creased that in 1884 a new building was added, and that same year saw the first classical graduates of the college. But in spite of this apparent success undergraduate classes were discontinued from 1888- 98 to allow the Jesuits to use the buildings for the higher studies of members of the order. In 1898 the college again opened its doors and in 1901 the Rev. Ulnch Beinzel, S.J., became president, to be succeeded in 1904 by the Rev. Joseph L. Spaeth, S. J. Another building was added to the rapidly growing college about this time, and again in 1910, after the Rev. Jos. M. Homing, S.J., had become president, another wing was added. Upon Father Homing's death in 1911, the Rev. George R. Kis- ter, S. J., succeeded him and presided over the col- lege until March, 1918, when the present head of the college, the Rev. Albert C. Fox became president.
In 1913 the corporate name of the school was changed to "Campion College of the Sacred Heart." The usual curriculum of all Jesuit colleges is fol- lowed: the faculty, members, 15, and the total en- rollment of students for 1920-21 is 101.
OaiiAda (cf. C. E., III-227b).— The area of Can- ada is 3,603,336 sq. miles of land and 126,329 sq. miles of water, a total of 3,729,665 square miles. The following table shows the population of the provinces in 1911 and 1921 (preliminary reports) :
1921
1911
Per Cent of Increase
New Brunswick.
388,092
351,092
1029
Nova Scotia .. .
524,579
492,338
6^
Prince Edward
Island
88,536
93.728
5.54 (decrease)
Alberta
581,995
374,663
55.34
Manitoba
613,008
461,630
32.79
British Colum-
bia
523,369
392,480
33.34
Quebec
2,349,067
2,005,776
17.11
Ontario
2,929,054
2,523,274
1725
Of the 1920 immigrants, 51 per cent came from
the United Kingdom; 42 per cent from the United
States and 7 oer cent from other countries. They
were classified according to occupation as follows:
farmers and laborers, 31,2S2; seneral laborers, 7,372;
mechanics, 14,640; clerks, traders, etc., 3,^5; miners,
1,003; domestics, 6,069; not classified, 53,180. Of
these the Maritime Provinces received 5,554; Que-
bec, 13,078; Ontaria, 39,344; Manitoba, 11,387;
Saskatchewan, 14,287; Alberta, 20,000; British Co-
lumbia and Yukon Territory, 13,686; total, 117,336.
The number of Chinese entering Canada has been much reduced in recent years, owing to the opera- tion of the order, renewed every six months since December, 1913, imder which the landing in British Columbia of skilled and unskilled artisans and laborers is prohibited. In the fiscal year 1920 the number of Chinese who paid head tax was 363, as compared with 4,006 in 1919. In November, 1921, British Columbia petitioned the Dominion Gov- ernment to take measures for the exclusion of Asiatic immigration.
The Indian population ly provinces in 1917 was as follows: Prince Edward Island, 292; Nova Scotia, 2,031; New Brunswick, 1,846; Quebec, 13,366; On- taria, 26,411; Manitoba, 11,583; Saskatchewan, 10,- 646; Alberta, 8,837; British Columbia, 25,694; Yukon, 1,528; Northwest Territories, 3,764; toUl, 105,998. The Eskimos numbered 3,296. Of the total acreage of Indian reservations (4,860,675 acres) 2,143,708 acres were cleared but not cultivated, and 210,(K24 acres were cultivated; the value of the lands in 1919 was 51,535,245. puring 1919 crops to the value of 3,462,147 were raised by the Indians, the corresponding value for 1918 was $3,142,046. They owned 35,285 horses, 52,522 head of cattle, and 117,453 poultry, the total value of the live stock and poultry being 14,443,970. For Indian edu- cational purposes appropriations were made by Parliament for the year 1919-20, amounted to $1,- 057,663. There were 321 schools with 12,196 pupUs. The religious census of the Indians 31 March, 1917, is given as follows: Anglican, 20,183; Presbyterian, 2,155; Methodist, 12^20; Catholic, 43,986: Baptist, 1,297; other Christian beliefs, 1,426; abonginal he^ Uefs, 8,414.
Agricultxtre^ — ^The total value of the annual farm production of Canada in 1920 was $1,455,244,650. The production of wheat was 263,189,300 bushels from 18,232,374 acres, an aversige of 14.5 bushels per acre. The following list of exports reveals the extent of Canadian commerce:
The largest cities with their population are : Mon-
treal, 607,063; Toronto, 293,571; Winnipeg, 178,364;
Vancouver, 116,700; Ottawa, 107,137; Hamilton,
81,969 (1911); Quebec, 94,058; Halifax, 57,674; Cal-
gary, 63,117; Victoria, 38,682; Edmonton, 58,627.
Immigration slackened between 1914 and 1920, as the following figures attest*
Total exportation...
Field products.
Animals and animal
products
Cheese
Forest products
Mineral products. . .
Manufactures
Fisheries
1918
$1,580,100,792
577,760,350
179,808.188 30,277,359 51,900,349 75,088.875
000.840,430 33,221,175
1919
$1,208,705,285
292,557;i83
207,285,492 35,223,983 70,590,199 80,707,211
571,408,078 37,809,394
1920
$1,288,058,709
808.797,221
200,037,489 30.330.803
105.540,780 02.821.003
435.121.980 42.540.079
United
United
Other
vn A. 1
Kingdom
States
Countries
Total
1914
142,622
107,530
134,726
384,878
1915
43,276
59,779
41,734
144,789
1916
8.664
36,937
2,936
48,537
1917
8,282
61,389
5.703
75,374
1918
3,178
71,314
4,582
79.074
1919
9,914
40,715
7,073
57,702
1920
59,603
49,656
8,077
117,336
Forestry. — Statistics of the lumber industry in
1917 reveal a capital of $149,266,019; employees on
salaries, 3,159; payment of salaries, 14,781,300; em-
ployees on wages, 53,318; wages, $34,412,411; cost of
materials, $58,403,316; value of products, $68^15,472.
In 1919 the income from the lumber industry was estimated at $122,359,748, distributed as follows: Ontario, $33,671,334; British Columbia, $32,540,244; Quebec, $30,195,646; New Brunswick, $16,477,477; Nova Scotia, $6,262,745; Saskatchewan, $1,326,668; Manitoba, $937,679; Alberta, $696,518; Prince Ed- ward Island, $238,687; Yukon, $12,680.
