S£xiCxx£iXv 466 BEEBSHEBA Street, Boston (1826-1830), and Salem Street, Boston (1844-1855). He was President of Illinois College, Jacksonville (1830-1844), and for some years Profes- sor of Exegesis in the Chicago Theolog- ical Seminary. He wrote many religious books, including "The Conflict of Ages" (1853), and "The Concord of Age" (1860). He died in Brooklyn, N. Y., July 28, 1895. BEECHER, HENRY WARD, an American clergyman, born in Litchfield, Conn., June 24, 1813. He was the son of Lyman Beecher; graduated from Am- herst in 1834; studied in Lane Theolog- ical Seminary, near Cincinnati, 0.; and began clerical duty as pastor of a church in Lawrenceburg, Ind., removing to In- dianapolis in 1839. From 1847 until his death he was Pastor of Plymouth Con- gregational Church in Brooklyn. He was one of the founders of the "Inde- pendent" and of the "Christian Union" (now the "Outlook") . He was also a prominent anti-slavery orator, as well as a famous lecturer. Among his nume- rous publications are "Star Papers; or Experiences of Art and Nature" (1855) ; "Freedom and War" (1863) ; "Eyes and Ears" (1864) ; and a novel, "Norwood, or Village Life in New England" (1867). His "Sermons" were edited by Dr. Ly- man Abbott (2 vols., 1868). He died in Brooklyn, N. Y., March 8, 1887. BEECHER, LYMAN, an American clergyman, born in New Haven, Conn., Oct. 2, 1775. His ancestors vere Puri- tans. He graduated from Yale in 1796, and became pastor of the Presbyterian Church in Easthampton, L. I.; then of a Congregational church in Litchfield, Conn., in 1810; and then of the Hanover Street Congregational Church in Boston, Mass. In 1832 he became President of Lane Theological Seminary, near Cincin- nati, O. His influence throughout the country was very great, especially on the questions of temperance and of slav- ery. His sermon on the death of Alex- ander Hamilton, in 1804, with his "Rem- edy for Dueling" ^809). 'I'd much to- ward breaking up the practice of dueling in the United States. His collected "Ser- mons and Addresses" were published in 1852. He died in Brooklyn, N. Y., June 10, 1863. BEEF, the flesh of the ox or the cow, used either fresh or salted. It is the most nutritious of all kinds of meat, and is well adapted to the most delicate con- stitutions. It should be well cooked, as it has been proved that underdone beef frequently produces tapeworm. Good beef is known by its having a clear, uni- form fat, a firm texture, a fine open grain, and a rich reddish color. Meat which feels damp and clammy should be avoided, as it is generally unwholesome. Fresh beef loses in boiling 30 per cent. of its weight; in roasting it loses about 20 per cent. The amount of nitroge- nous matter found to be present in one pound of good beef is about four ounces. In the raw state it contains 50 per cent, of water. BEER, the fermented infusion of some cereal, variously flavored, usually the in- fusion of barley flavored with the bitter of hops. The varieties in trade are very numerous, as lager and Bavarian, white and brown, sweet and bitter, many beers of local names, some celebrated, as Mil- waukee, St, Louis, Munich, Pilsen, and so on. Lager beer was formerly a winter beer as distinguished from summer beer. There is also a March beer, a bock beer, and very many other varieties. The root beers are non-alcoholic drinks flavored with sassafras or some other similar sub- stance. See Brewing. BEERBOHM, MAX, an English au- thor and artist, born in 1872. He was educated at Merton College, Oxford. His literary career began with contributions to "The Yellow Book." He attracted the attention of Lord Northcliffe and began writing for the latter's papers. Soon he contributed to most of the important English periodicals. He had remarkable talent as a caricaturist and he employed his pencil with great success in depicting the leading figures of English social and political life. His writings display great wit and powers of satire. They include "The Happy Hypocrite"; "The Poet's Corner"; "The Second Childhood of John Bull"; "Zuleika Dobson," a novel. BEERS, HENRY AUGUSTIN, an American educator, born in Buffalo in 1847. He graduated from Yale Univer- sity in 1869, and in the following year he was admitted to the bar of New York. He joined the faculty of Yale University as tutor in 1871 and became assistant professor in 1864 and professor of Eng- lish literature in 1880. He wrote "A Cen- tury of American Literature" (1878) ; "From Chaucer to Tennyson" (1890) ; "The Ways of Yale" (1895) ; "Points at Issue" (1904) ; etc. He was a frequent contributor to the leading magazines and wrote, in addition to those mentioned above, several volumes of verse. BEERSHEBA (now Bir-es-Seba, "the well of the oath"), the place where Abra- ham made a covenant with Abimelech, and in common speech, representative of the southernmost limit of Palestine, near which it is situated. It is now a mere heap of ruins.
