BONGABONG 105 BOlfl by a broad, flat head of light purple flowers. It is much used as a domestic medicine in the form of an infusion, hav- ing tonic and diaphoretic properties. BONGABONG, a town in the S. S. part of Luzon, Philippine Islands, with an estimated population of 25,000. It lies in a mountainous district, and attained military importance as the headquarters of a regiment of United States troops. The town has a municipal government based upon popular election. BONHAM, a city of Texas, the county- seat of Fannin co. It is on the Texas and Pacific, and the Missouri, Kansas and Texas railroads, and the Red river. The city is the center of an extensive ag- ricultural district and has an important trade in cotton, grain, and live stock. It is the seat of Carlton College. Its in- dustries include flour mills, cotton and cotton seed oil mills, railroad machine shops, planing mills, etc. Pop. (1910) 4,844; (1920) 6,008. BONHETJE, ROSALIE (bon-er'), com- monly called Rosa, a French artist, bom in Bordeaux, March 22, 1822. Her studies were directed by her father, himself an artist of ability, and her first two pic- tures, "Chevres et Moutons," and "Les Deux Lapins," which were exhibited in ROSA BONHEUR 1841, attracted much attention. In 1849 a fine work, "Labourages Nivernais," by her, was purchased by the French Gov- ernment for 3,000 francs and placed in the Luxembourg collection. In 1855 "The Haymaking Season in Auvergne" was hung at the Universal Exposition in Paris, and in the same year she sent the "Horse Fair" to the French Exhibition in London, where it was the center of at- traction for the season. It is now in the Metropolitan Museum in New York. After this work she stood at the very head of delineators of animal life, show- ing a wonderful power of representing spirited action. She attended horse markets and fairs; generally wearing masculine dress, to study animals. After 1849 she directed the Free School of De- sign for Young Girls in Paris. During the siege of Paris the Crown Prince of Prussia especially ordered that her studio and residence at Fontainebleau should be spared and respected. She received a first class medal at the French Salon in 1849, and another in 1855; and the dec- oration of the Legion of Honor in 1865; she was made a member of the Institute of Antwerp in 1868; received the Leopold cross from the King of Belgium in 1880, and from the King of Spain the Com- mander's Cross of the Royal Order of Isabella the Catholic. In 1892 a cele- brated painting by her, entitled "Horses Threshing Corn," was sold for $60,000. It is the largest animal picture ever painted, showing ten horses large as life. In 1896, on her 74th birthday, she fur- nished a painting representing the his- torical combat between two stallions to which Lord Godolphin invited his friends in 1734. She died at Fontainebleau, May 25, 1899. BONHOMME RICHABJ) (bon-um- re-shar'), a famous American warship that, under the command of John Paul Jones, engaged in a terrific battle with the British ship "Serapis" in British waters, off Flamborough Head, on Sept. 23, 1799. Jones lashed the vessels together and compelled the "Serapis" to strike her colors. The "Bonhomme Richard" sank two days afterward. BONI, a state on the E. coast of the S. W. peninsula of the island of Celebes, in the Pacific Ocean, with an estimated area of 935 square miles. It was for- merly the most powerful state in Celebes, but since 1859 has been practically a Dutch dependency. In the N. the scen- ery is fine, and the soil fertile — rice, sago, and cassia being produced. The in- habitants, called Bugis, have an allied language to the Macassars, with a litera- ture of their own. As enterprising mer- chants and sailors the Bugis are found in every port of the East Indian Archi- pelago; they also engage in agriculture and in the manufacture of cotton and
