KUMAMOTO 376 KUNERSDORF 20,000 men; Vandamme capitulated with 10,000 men. KUMAMOTO, a strongly fortified city of Japan, situated on the west coast of the island of Kiusiu. The harbor is deep enough only for small craft. Lo- cated near an active volcano, it has fre- quently suffered from earthquakes. A Buddhist temple a few miles away attracts many pilgrims. Pop. about 70,000. KUMASI, the capital of the kingdom of Ashanti, western Africa. It occupies the side of a rocky hill, and is about 4 miles in circuit. The walls of the houses are mostly formed of stakes and wattle work, the interstices being filled up with clay; the roofs are of palm leaves. The king's palace was burned by Wolseley in 1874, but has been rebuilt. Pop. about 25,000. See Ashanti. KUMAUN, a division consisting of three provinces in British India, most of which are on the S. slopes of the Himalayas. The minerals, gold, copper, and lead are found here, and the forests have much valuable timber, which is cut under British supervision. The area of the division is 13,725 square miles. Pop. about 1,500,000. KUMBUK, a large Indian tree. The bark is used for tanning black. It im- parts the characteristic red color to native leather, and, if cut up into small pieces and boiled for six hours, gives a brown dye. Along with the bark of Mimusops elengi it is used to produce a red dye in jute. It affords a black one with iron. The wood is much used on account of its toughness for making shafts to gigs. KUMQUAT, a tree about six feet high, of the orange genus, growing in China and Japan. The fruit, which is oval, is about the size of a gooseberry. It has a sweet rind and an acid taste. The Chi- nese use it as a preserve. KUN (or KTJEHN), BELA, a Hun- garian Communist leader, was before the European War a university instruc- tor and the author of a work on social- ism. After the downfall of the Central Empires, in 1918, he devoted himself entirely to the organization of the Socialist movement in Hungary, being the mouthpiece of the extreme left non- political radicals, corresponding to the Bolsheviki of Russia. On March 22, 1919, Count Karolyi, the Liberal Hun- garian premier, having abandoned his effort to effect a compromise with the victorious Allies, voluntarily resigned and handed the reins of government over to the Bela Kun extremists. The latter immediately began to organize a gov- ernment after the Russian pattern, though at the same time attempting to maintain peaceful relations with the Allies. The invasion of Hungary by Rumania and Czecho-Slovakia made this impossible, and a war with the invaders BELA KUN was carried on, at first with considerable success. The disorganized economic con- ditions of the country, however, proved too great an obstacle to the establish- ment of a firm government, and after a short five months of power, the Com- munist Government was overthrown by the labor organizations. Bela Kun fled to Austria, where he was imprisoned by the Austrian authorities, and there held until 1920, when it was reported that he was liberated and allowed to proceed to Russia. KUNDAH OIL, an oil derived from Carapa touloucouna, or giiianensis. It is acrid and bitter, and said to be well fitted for lamps. Called also tallicoonah oil. KTJNDITZ, a river and State of Af- ghan Turkestan. KTTNERSDORF, a village in Prussia; 4 miles E. of Frankf ort-on-the-Oder ; was the scene of one of the most remark- able battles of the Seven Years' War, fought Aug. 12, 1759, in which Frederick the Great, with 48,000 men, after gain- ing a half victory, was completely de- feated by the allied Russians and Aus- trians, 78,000 men strong.
