HOOGHLY 49 HOOKER Hooge. The German trenches here were taken by the British June 16, retaken by the Germans July 30, and were again carried at the point of the bayonet by the British, Aug. 9. HOOGHLY, or HUGLI (hog-le'), a river of Bengal proper, and commer- cially the most important. Taking its distinctive name near the tovni of Santi- pur, it has a S. course of 64 miles to Calcutta, and a further course of 81 miles in the same direction to the Bay of Bengal. At its mouth the Hooghly has a width of 15 miles. HOOGHLY, a city of Bengal proper, capital of a district; on the right or W. bank of the Hooghly river, 25 miles N. of Calcutta. Here is a college for Eng- lish and Asiatic literature, founded by native munificence. Pop. district, about 1,200,000; city, about 25,000. HOOK, THEODORE EDWARD, an English journalist; born in 1788. Hook led a life of gayety in London, and be- came notorious for practical jokes and similar escapades. In 1812 he was ap- pointed accountant-general and treas- urer of the Island of Mauritius; but, owing to his gross carelessness, a large deficiency in the military chest was dis- covered, but no proceedings were taken against him. From 1820 to 1841 he was editor of the "John Bull," and at inter- vals from 1824 to 1828 he published his "Sayings and Doings," while in 1836 he became editor of the "New Monthly Magazine." His other principal works are "Life of Sir David Baird," and a series of novels, among which are "Love and Pride," "Jack Brag," "Gilbert Gur- ney," "Gurney Married," "Precepts and Practice," "Fathers and Sons." He died in 1841. HOOKAH, the water tobacco-pipe of Arabs, Turks, Persians, Hindus, and ■ other Orientals. It consists of a bowl for the tobacco, a water-bottle, and a long flexible tube ending in the mouthpiece. A wooden tube leads from the bottom of the head or bowl down into the v/ater in the bottle, and the flexible tube is con- tinued downward by a stiff tube into the space above the water in the bottle. The "hubble-bubble" of India is a simi- lar but simpler water-pipe, made of a cocoanut filled with water, and two short wooden tubes at right angles, one going into the water, the other merely passing inside the top of the shell. HOOKER, MOUNT, a peak in the Rocky Mountains in Canada; 15,690 feet high; on the E. boundary of British Columbia. HOOKER, ISABELLA BEECHER, an American philanthropist; born in Litch- field, Conn., Feb. 22, 1822; daughter of Rev. Dr. Lyman Beecher. She made a life study of woman's rights and duties, and wrote "Womanhood," etc. She died Jan. 25, 1907. HOOKER, JOSEPH, an American mil- itary officer; born in Hadley, Mass., Nov. 13, 1814; was graduated at the United States Military Academy, in 1837, and served in the Florida and Mexican Wars. In 1853 he resigned from the army, but on the outbreak of the Civil War he re-entered it. He fought under McClel- lan and in northern Virginia and Mary- land, receiving a wound at the battle of Antietam. On account of his brav^ery his soldiers nicknamed him "Fighting Joe Hooker." His concern for his soldiers, especially his care that they be well fed, made him popular with the rank and file. In 1863 he was made commander of the Army of the Potomac, and in May he fought the bloody battle of Chancellorsville, in which nearly 30,000 were killed or wounded. Owing to a diff'erence between himself and Gen- eral Halleck, Hooker resigned his com- mand (1863), but he still served as major-general, and fought under Grant at Chattanooga and under Sherman at Atlanta. In 1868 he retired from the army. He died in Garden City, N. Y., Oct. 31, 1879. HOOKER, SIR JOSEPH DALTON, an English botanist; born in Halesworth, Suffolk, June 30, 1817. He was assistant surgeon and naturalist of the expedition of Sir James Clark Ross; visited India in 1847; and in 1871 with John Ball ascended the Great Atlas in Morocco. From 1855 to 1885 he was on the direc- torate of Kew Gardens. Among his works are: "Botany of the Antarctic Voyage" (1847-1860) ; "Himalayan Jour- nals" (1854) ; "Student's Flora of the British Islands" (1870); "Botany" (Sci- ence Primers), in 1876; "Journal of a Tour in Morocco and the Great Atlas" (1878), He died in 1911. HOOKER, RICHARD, an English di- vine; born in 1553. He became a Fellow of Christ Church in 1577. In 1579 he was appointed deputy Professor of He- brew; took orders in 1581, and was made preacher at Paul's Cross. In 1584 he became rector of Drayton Beauchamp, and in 1585 Master of the Temple. In 1595 he i-eceived the living of Bishops- bourne, in Kent, where he ended his days. His "Ecclesiastical Polity," writ- ten in defense of the Church of England, is remarkable for learning, extent of
