THE SOUTH SINCE THE WAR.
THE war between the States" came suddenly and finally to an end in the spring of 1865. The effort which the seceded States made to maintain their independence brought under demand every resource of the people, and they utterly exhausted everything they had in order to make their cause a success.
The army of Gen. Robert E. Lee, in Virginia, surrendered April 9th; that of Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, in North Carolina, April 26th; that of Gen. Richard Taylor, in Mississippi, May 4th, and that of Gen. E. Kirby Smith, west of the Mississippi river, May 26, 1865. All other organized bodies of Confederate troops, as well as individual soldiers, wherever they happened to be, reported to the nearest officer in command of Union troops, surrendered and received their paroles. The surrender of the Confederate armies and soldiers was universal and sincere, so much so that there was not a Confederate soldier under arms throughout the South from Maryland to Mexico, by June 9, 1865, or two months from the date of the surrender of General Lee's army in Virginia. There was no reservation in this surrender, no desire or effort to continue the struggle as guerrillas or otherwise.
There was complete submission to the authority of the United States government by all in official and private station. President Jefferson Davis, Vice-President A. H. Stephens, Governor Brown of Georgia, Governor Clark of Mississippi, Gen. Howell Cobb, and Senator Hill of Georgia, and other distinguished citizens of various parts of the South, were immediately arrested and imprisoned. The members of the Confederate cabinet were either prisoners, fugitives or exiles. The Confed-
