Art. 123—The labor justice shall have power to conciliate and judge individual and collective disputes between employees and employers, as well as other controversies arising out of labor relations ruled by special legislation.
§ 1. Disputes relative to labor accidents are within the jurisdiction of ordinary courts.
§ 2. The law shall specify the cases in which decisions in collective disputes might establish norms and conditions of work.
Title Two
STATE JUSTICE
Art. 124—The States shall organize their justice with observance of Articles 95 to 97 and also the following principles:
I—the judiciary division and organization shall be inalterable during five years from the date of the law establishing them, except for well-grounded proposal put forward by the Tribunal of Justice;
II—courts of jurisdiction inferior to the Tribunals of Justice may be created;
III—entry into life-tenure magistracy shall be dependent upon competitive examinations, organized by the Tribunal of Justice with collaboration of the Sectional Council of the Order of Attorneys of Brazil, and indication of the candidates shall be made whenever possible in a triplicate list;
IV—the promotion of judges shall be made from one classification to another by length of service and by merit, alternately, and, in the second case, shall be dependent upon a triplicate list organized by the Tribunal of Justice. An equal proportion shall be observed in accession to this Tribunal, except as provided in Item V of this article. For this purpose, in cases of merit, the triplicate list shall be composed of names selected from among judges of any classification. In cases of length of service, which shall be ascertained in the last classification, the Tribunal shall decide first whether the judge with longest service is to be indicated; and if this one is refused by three-quarters of the judges, the voting shall be repeated with respect to the next in line, and so on successively, until the selection is fixed. Only after two years of effective service in the respective classification may the judge be promoted.
V—in the composition of any court, a fifth of the places shall be filled by attorneys and members of the public ministry, of renowned merit and spotless reputation, with at least ten years of forensic practice. For each vacancy, the Tribunal shall vote upon a triplicate list, in secret session and with secret ballot. If a member of the Public Ministry is selected, the resulting vacancy shall be filled by an attorney;
VI—the remuneration of the judges shall be fixed at an amount not inferior to that received, in any form, by the secretaries of State; and the other life-tenure judges, with a difference not to exceed thirty percent between one classification and another, and attributing to those of highest classification not less than two-thirds of the remuneration of the chief judges;
VII—in case of transfer of the seat of the court, the judge is authorized to move to the new seat or to a district of equal classification or to request placement on an available list with full remuneration;
VIII—only by proposal of the Tribunal of Justice may the number of its members or of the members of any other court be altered;
IX—the Tribunal of Justice shall have exclusive power to prosecute and judge inferior judges in ordinary crimes and in those of their responsibility;
X—a temporary justice of the peace may be instituted, with the judicial attributes of substitution, except for judgment of final or appellate cases, and with powers for the licensing and celebration of marriages and other acts which the law may determine.
XI—magistrates may be created with investiture in office limited to a certain time and powers to judge cases of small value. These judges may substitute for life-tenure judges;
XII—state military justice, organized with observance of the general precepts of federal law (Article 5, Number XV, f), shall have as organs of first instance the councils of justice and as organ of second instance a special court or the Tribunal of Justice.
Title Three
THE PUBLIC MINISTRY
Art. 125—The law shall organize the Public Ministry of the Union in conjunction with the ordinary, military, electoral and labor courts.
Art. 126—The Federal Public Ministry has as its head the Attorney General of the Republic. The Attorney General appointed by the President of the Republic, after approval of the selection by the Federal Senate from among citizens with the requisites indicated in Article 99, is dismissible at will.
Sole Paragraph—The Union shall be represented in court by the attorneys of the Republic, but the law may entrust this representation, in the districts of the interior, to the local public ministry.
Art. 127—The members of the Public Ministry of the Union, of the Federal District and of the Territories, shall enter into the initial positions of the career by competition. After two years of service, they may not be dismissed except by judicial sentence or administrative process allowing them the most ample defense; nor shall they be removed, except upon representation put forward by the head of the Public Ministry, based upon the convenience of the service.
Art. 128—In the States, the Public Ministry shall also be established on a career basis, with observance of the precepts of the preceding article, as well as that of promotion from one classification to another.
Title Four
DECLARATION OF RIGHTS
Chapter I
Nationality and Citizenship
Art. 129—The following are Brazilians:
I—persons born in Brazil, even though of foreign parents, if the latter are not resident at the service of the government of their country;
II—the children of a Brazilian father or mother born in a foreign country, if the parents are at the service of Brazil, or, if they should not be, if they come to reside in the country. In this case, after the attainment of majority they
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