c)—temporality of the elective functions, the duration of these latter being limited to that of the corresponding federal functions;
d)—prohibition of reelection of governors and mayors for the period immediately following;
e)—municipal autonomy;
f)—rendering of administrative accounts;
g)—guaranties of judicial power.
Art. 8.—Intervention shall be decreed by federal law in the cases of Numbers VI and VII of the preceding article.
Sole Paragraph—In the case of No. 7, the act alleged to be unconstitutional shall be submitted by the Attorney General of the Republic to examination by the Federal Supreme Court, and, if the latter so declares the intervention shall be decreed.
Art. 9—The President of the Republic shall have power to decree intervention in the cases of Numbers I to V of Article 7.
§ 1. Issuance of decree shall be dependent upon:
I—In the case of Number V, the requisition of the Federal Supreme Court; or if the order or decision should be of electoral justice, the requisition of the Electoral Supreme Court.
II—In the case of Number IV, the request of the Legislative Power or of the Executive, coacted or impeded, "or the requisition of the Federal Supreme Court if the coaction should be exercised against the Judicial Power.
§ 2. In the second case provided for by Article 7, Number II, the intervention shall be decreed only in the invading State.
Art. 10—In cases other than requisition of the Federal Supreme Court or the Electoral Supreme Court, the President of the Republic shall decree the intervention and shall submit it, without prejudice to its immediate execution to the approval of the National Congress, which if not in session, shall be convened extraordinarily for this purpose.
Art. 11—The law or decree of intervention shall fix: its scope, its duration and the conditions under which it is to be executed.
Art. 12—The President of the Republic shall have power to make the intervention effective and if necessary, to appoint the Interventor.
Art. 13—In the cases enumerated in Article 7, Number VII, and with observance of the provisions of Article 8, Sole Paragraph, the National Congress shall limit itself to suspend the execution of the act alleged to be unconstitutional, if this measure be sufficient for the reestablishment of normality in the State.
Art. 14—Upon cessation of the motives which may have determined the intervention, the state authorities removed in consequence thereof shall return to the exercise of their offices.
Art. 15—The Union shall have power to decree taxes upon:
I—importation of merchandise of foreign origin;
II—consumption of merchandise;
III—production, commerce, distribution and consumption, as well as importation and exportation of liquid or gaseous lubricants and fuels of whatever origin or nature, this regime being extended insofar as it may be applicable to the minerals of the country and to electric energy;
IV—income and profits of whatever nature;
V—transfer of funds abroad;
VI—the business of its own economy, acts and instruments regulated by federal law.
§ 1. Articles classified by law as the minimum indispensable to housing, clothing, nourishment and medical treatment of persons of limited economic capacity are exempt from consumption tax.
§ 2. The taxation dealt with in Item III shall have the form of a single tax, which shall fall upon each kind of product. Of the resulting revenue, 60%, as minimum, shall be delivered to the States, to the Federal District and to the municipalities in proportion to their area, population, consumption and production, according to the terms and for the purposes set forth in federal law.
§ 3. The Union may tax the income from obligations of the state or municipal public debt and the profits of agents of States and municipalities, but it cannot do so to an extent greater than fixed for its own obligations and for the profits of its own agents.
§ 4. The Union shall deliver to the municipalities, except those of the capitals, 10% of the total it may collect of the tax dealt with in Number IV, with distribution being made in equal parts and at least half of the amount applied in benefits of a rural nature.
§ 5. The juridical acts to which the Union, the States or the municipalities may be parties, or the instruments to which these acts may be reduced, or again, those included in the tax qualifications established by Arts. 19 and 29, do not come under the provisions of Item VI.
§ 6. In the imminence or in case of foreign war, it is lawful for the Union to decree extraordinary taxes, which shall not be distributed in the manner of Article 21, and shall be eliminated gradually, within five years, counted from the date of the signing of peace.
Art. 16—The Union shall, moreover, have power to decree the taxes provided for in Article 19 which are to be collected by the Territories.
Art. 17—The Union is forbidden to decree taxes which are not uniform throughout the national territory or which may result in distinction or preference for one port or another, to the detriment of another of any other State.
Art. 18—Every State shall govern itself by the Constitution and by the laws it may adopt, with observance of the principles established in this Constitution.
§ 1. To the States are reserved all powers which are not implicitly or explicitly forbidden to them by this Constitution.
§ 2. The States shall provide for the needs of their government and the administration thereof; but in case of public calamity, it being incumbent on the Union to lend them aid.
§ 3. By agreement with the Union, the States may charge federal officials with the execution of state laws and services or of acts and decisions of their authorities; and, reciprocally, the Union may, in matters of its jurisdiction, entrust analogous duties to state officials, providing the necessary expenses.
Art. 19—The States shall have power to decree taxes upon:
I—territorial property, except urban;
II—transfer of property by reason of death;
III—transfer of real property between the living and its incorporation into the capital of legal entities;
IV—sales and consignments effected by traders and producers, including industrialists, with exemption, however, of the first operation of the small producer, as defined by state law;
V—exportation of merchandise of its production abroad, up to the maximum of 5% ad valorem, any additional (taxes) being prohibited;
VI—acts regulated by state law, those of its judicial service and the business of its economy.
§ 1. The tax on territorial holdings shall not be incident upon farms having an area not exceeding twenty hectares when cultivated by the proprietor, alone or with his family, and who does not own any other property.
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