160 APOLLOINA.
lioii of the temple hiving ban erected by Plolemy
PhilomebH- B. c 181.
Tbe temple of ApolliDapolu, u ft umple of
£gjptiiiD a»ani irchiuctare, it minntelj described
ID the Pem^ Cytlopeiia, an. Edfu, and in the I>t
Tolorae of Briiith ^utetfm, Egyptian Anttquitietj
vbcre nlflo will be found a i^round plan of it. See
lito Belzoni, mnd Wilkinaon'i Egi/pl and ThAa,
pp. 43S— i3B.
. Apolunopolib Pahva ('AT^Usvat 1^ M'ifKi,
Stepfa. B. (. D.; 'KiriK>.itt «i»pdt, HierocL p. 731^
ApolloiHs minOTia [orbs], It. Anton, p. 158), wu
a lawn in Upper Egypt, in Lit. 27° N, upon the
venlern bank rf the Nile. It atood between H^p-
eeli and Ljcopolia, end l>elonged to the Hjpsehote
. ApoLLisoroua Parta {'KriKKmot wiKit
luKpii, PUil. iv. 5. § 70; 'KrifjMVO! niKa, Stnb.
xviLp.ei5; Apollonoe Vicuj!, It. Anton, p. 165),
wu » town of the Thebud, in the Coptite Nome,
in Lat. 36° N., sitoBted between Thebes wid
CupCoa. It stood on the eaatero bvik of the Nile,
and carried on an sctiie trade vitli Berenice itA
Hjras Honnos, on the Ked Sea. ApolliiMtpolii
Pwa was 22 milei distant from Tbebes, and is
the modern Ktat. It cormpouds, probably, to the
Uaiimtanopolii of the later emperors.
. Apt)LLisopou»CSteph.B. »,f.! P!in.Ti.35>,
was a town of the Megabari, in eastern Aethiopa.
. Afollohob Utdheium (Plin. vi. 26; It
AntoT}.), st«id upon the high rud from Goptoe, in
the Thebaid, to Qereniai on the Bed Sea, and wai
between those citief. [W. B. D.]
APOLL(raiACAiro?u>irIa: £1^ 'AwoAAwnd-
Ti)t, Apolloniatea, Apolliniu, -fitis, ApoUonienae), in
Europe. I. Adt]'o[^il7,«hich,accoiding toSteph.
Byi.,was atuated in.tho neighbourhood of Aluntiiun
Cutacte. CioiroaLianieotionsit(Or.HiVerr.iii.43}
and in cotgunction with Halontium, CapitiDm, and
SnguiitrD, in a mamierthat seems to imply that it was
situated io the same port of Sialj with these cities;
and we learn from Uodoma (iri. 72) that it was at
onetime xul^ect to L^tiiMS, the tyrant of Engoium,
from whose hand* it was wrested by Timoloon, und
Teatored to an independent condition. A little later
we find it again menlioDed among the cities reduced
by Afrsthoclce, after his retnm from Africa, B.C.
307 (Diod. xx. 56), Bat it evidently regained its
liberty after the fall of the tyrant, and in the days
of Cicero wu still a municipal town of aome im-
pnrtance. (Or. m Verr. iii. *3, v. 33.) From
this time it dinppears from history, and the name
U not found «ther in Pliny or Ptolemy.
Ita site has been much disputed; but the pas-
sages above cited pnct distinctly to a poution in Ibe
nmih-eastem part of Sicily; and it b probable that
the modern PoJKiu, a smidl town en a hill, about 3
miles from the sea-coast, and 8 or 3 E. bomCefalu,
ocpnines it« ate. The resemblance «f nsnia is cer-
taiidy entitled to much weight; and if Enguinm be
correctly placed at Gangi, the connexion between
that dty and Apollonia is easily eipluoed. It must
be admitUd that the words of Stephanua require,
APOLLONIA.
B.*,P.),the
by the Cydomstw, sin
were ineir menaa ana allies. (Fdyb. uiiL 16.)
The ute is on the ecost oeir Ampo, or perhi]*
apprcBching tnwards MtgiiUi fulnm, at the Gj>>-
ifav. (Pashlej, CWfc, Tol. Lp.2fll.) The sitt
of the other city, which was once calitd KlekAm
('EAiliApa, Ste^. B.), ii Dnocrtain. The pbilia>-
^her Diogenes Apolloniates was a native nf Apjj.
loniales in Cr«te. (Diet, of Btog. i. v.) [E.BJ.]
3. {Pellma, or Poffifna), a city of lUyria, tiio-
ated 10 stadia &om the right bank of the Aaas,
and 60 stadia from the sea (Stub. vii. p. 316), n-
SO stadia according to Scylai (p. 10). It nu
founded by the CJorinthians and Corcyraoos is the
seventh century before the Christisn era, and is nid
to have been originally called Gylacda (ruA^rfia),
from Gylax, the name of its oecist. (Thnc. i. 26;
Scytrmus, 439, MO; Pans. i. 21. § 12, 22. J 3;
Strab.Lc; Stepb.6. s.f.) Apolitnia wod beomc
a flourishing place, bat its name rardy ocmis Id
Grecian history. It is mentioned in the civil nn
between Caesar and Pompey, as a fortified town
with a citadel; and tUe possessioD of it nas pf j^inl
importance to Caeaar in bis cunpoigci agtuiet F<in-
pey in Grwce. (Caes, B. C. iii. 12, Itq.} Towaids
the end of the Roman republic it was celebrated n
a seat of learning; and many of the Booun nobla
were aocustamed to send thor aona thither for the
purpose of studying the hteratnre and philceophy of
Greeoe. It was here that Augrutns spent al
months before the death of his uncle summoiid him
to Rome. (SuAAvg. 10; Veil. PaL ii. 59.) Clem
calls it at this period " urtis magna et giaiu."
Apollonia is mentionod by Hierodcs (p. 653, ed.
"•--"--^ '- ihe siath centnr; ■ - ■■ ' -
but tittle dependence
e placed upon the ac
in the 1
I of the middle aget. Tbe
village of AlUoo, a little to the S. of Apollirai,
appears to have increased In importance in the
middle ages, as Apollonia declined. AccordinE I"
5Irabo (p. 322), the Via Eenatia coiutiennd U
Apollonia, and according to athers at Dyrrbacbiuni;
the two roads met at Clodiani. There are srarrdy
any vestiges of the ancient city at the prefcm dsj.
Leako discovered «ome traces of walls and of two
Lcmplea; and the monastery, built near its silp, aa-
talus some fine peces of sculpture, which were foiutd
in ploughing the fields in its neighbourhood. (Leair.
Korthent Grtcct, vol i. p. 368, seq.; Tafel, Ik Via
Egmttia, p. U, se^.)
The coins vbicb bare bMn published as of this
city belong either to Apollonia, in niyria, or to
Tauronieniuni(Eckbel, voLi. p.198.) [E. H. B.J
S. Tbe name of two dtics in Crete, one near
. (Sucioli'), a town of Thru«, ot
Euxinus, a little S. of Mesambria, was a colony of
the Hileaians. It had two large barbanrs, and
the greater part of the town was situated on a small
island. It preerased a celebrated temple of Aprflo,
and a colossal statue of this god, 30 cubits in heigbt,
which M. Lucullua carried to Rome and placed m the
CaptoL (Herod.iv.90;St™b.riLp,319,iaLp.541,
Plin. Hiiv, 7- a. 18 § 39; Scvmnus, 730; Arrian,
Ptripl p. 24, Anon. Peript. p. 14.) It was sub-
sequently cailod Sozoi'oi49 (2»iilwDAit, Anon. Pt-
ripl. p. 14), whence its modern name SiieioU.
