Edgbaston, whose heir Henry, by his second wife, Barbara, heiress of Reynolds Calthorpe of Elvetham, succeeded in 1788 to the Elvetham estates, and taking the surname of Calthorpe, was created Baron Calthorpe on 15 June 1796 [see Calthorpe, Sir Henry]. Augustus was educated at Harrow from 1845 to 1847 and matriculated at Merton College, Oxford, on 23 Feb. 1848, graduating B.A. in 1851, and proceeding M.A. in 1855. In adult life he devoted himself to sport, agriculture, and the duties of a county magistrate. He lived on family property at Perry Hall, Staffordshire, serving as high sheriff of that county in 1881. At the general election of 1880 he stood with Major Fred Burnaby [q. v.] as conservative candidate for the undivided borough of Birmingham, near which a part of the family estates lay, but was defeated, P. H. Muntz, John Bright, and Mr. Joseph Chamberlain being returned. On the death on 26 June 1893 of his eldest brother, Frederick, fifth baron (1826–1893), who was unmarried (his second brother, George, had died unmarried in 1843), he succeeded to the peerage as sixth baron. On the family estates at Elvetham he started in 1900 what has become a noted herd of shorthorn cattle, and his Southdown sheep and Berkshire pigs were also famous. He showed generosity in devoting to public purposes much of his property about Birmingham. He made over to the corporation in 1894 the freehold of Calthorpe Park near that city, which his father had created in 1857, and took much interest in the development of the new Birmingham University. In 1900 he and his only son, Walter (1873–1906), presented 27½ acres of land, valued at 20,000l., for the site of the university buildings, and in 1907 he gave another site, immediately adjacent, of nearly 20 acres, of the estimated value of 15,000l., for a private recreation ground for the students. He died after a short illness at his London residence at Grosvenor Square on 22 July 1910, and was buried at Elvetham, after cremation at Golder's Green. He was succeeded in the title by his next brother, Lieut.-general Sir Somerset John Gough-Calthorpe (b. 23 Jan. 1831). He married on 22 July 1869 Maud Augusta Louisa, youngest daughter of the Hon. Octavius Duncombe, seventh son of Charles Duncombe, first Lord Feversham, by whom he had one son, Walter (who predeceased him), and four daughters.
[The Times, 23 and 28 July 1910; Harrow School Reg.; Foster's Alumni Oxon.; Burke's Peerage.]
GOULDING, FREDERICK (1842–1909), master printer of copper plates, was born at Holloway Road, Islington, on 7 Oct. 1842. His father, John Fry Goulding, foreman printer to Messrs. Day & Son, was married in 1833 to Elizabeth Rogers, who belonged to an old stock of Spitalfields weavers, and his grandfather, John Golding, also a copper-plate printer, was apprenticed in 1779 to a still earlier William Golding, a copper-plate printer of St. Botolph, Bishopsgate. In 1854 Frederick Goulding was sent to a day school conducted at the National Hall, Holborn, by William Lovett [q. v.], a well-known Chartist. On 24 Jan. 1857 he was apprenticed to Messrs. Day & Son, 6 Gate Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields, originally a firm of lithographic printers, but then concerned largely with the printing of engravings, to which branch of their business Goulding was attached. In his spare time through 1858 and 1859 he studied at the schools of art in Wilmington Square, Clerkenwell, and Castle Street, Long Acre, also attending lectures at the Royal Academy Schools. In 1859 he acted as 'devil' to James MacNeill Whistler [q. v. Suppl. II] in the printing of some of his etchings, and in the same year assisted his father in printing a series of etchings by Queen Victoria and the Prince Consort. At the Great Exhibition of 1862 he gave a daily demonstration of copper-plate printing for Messrs. Day & Son, from May till November, and began there the personal friendship with Sir Francis Seymour Haden [q. v. Suppl. II] which lasted till the end of his life.
By this time Goulding was a master of the 'art and mystery' of his craft, and began to use his spare time in the evenings and on Saturdays by working for private clients at his own residence, Kingston House, 53 Shepherd's Bush Road. Among those for whom he printed were Seymour Haden, Legros, Whistler, and Samuel Palmer. In 1881 he felt justified in embarking upon a printing business of his own, and built a studio, largely extended later, in the garden at the back of Kingston House. Among artists whose etchings he printed were Frank Short, Strang, Pennell, Rodin, Holroyd, Rajon and R. W. Macbeth; in fact few etchers or engravers did not claim Goulding's assistance. In 'About Etching' (1879) Haden described Goulding as 'the best printer of etchings in England just now.' From 1876 till 1882 he acted as assistant to Alphonse Legros [q. v. Suppl. II] in an etching class held weekly at the National Art Training School, now the
