which his father had brought from Rome. He removed to Chester about 1804 as a drawing-master, and in 1810 and the following years published several series of etchings, including ‘Six Etchings of Saxon, Gothic, and other Old Buildings in Chester, Castles in North Wales, and Riveaux Abbey in Yorkshire;’ ‘Etchings of Ancient Buildings in the City of Chester, Castles in North Wales, and other Miscellaneous Subjects;’ ‘Etchings of Picturesque Cottages, Sheds, &c., in Cheshire;’ ‘A History of the City of Chester from its Foundation to the Present Time.’ At the age of forty, having realised an independence, he returned to Richmond and built himself a house at Masham close by, where he resided until his death. Here he published several more sets of etchings, including one of ‘Yorkshire Abbeys.’ In 1848 he sold the copyright of his etchings to Mr. Nattali, who collected them into one volume with letterpress, published under the title of ‘Wanderings and Pencillings amongst the Ruins of Olden Times.’ Cuitt died at Masham 15 July 1854, in his seventy-fifth year. His etchings are far from being mere copies of Piranesi's style, and have great vigour and depth of their own. A portrait of him was etched, apparently by himself.
[Redgrave's Dict. of English Artists; Gent. Mag. 1856, new ser. xlii. 311; Lowndes's Bibl. Man.]
CULBERTSON, ROBERT (1765–1823), Scottish divine, was born at Morebattle, Roxburghshire, on 21 Sept. 1765, and educated in the parish school of that village, Kelso grammar school, and Edinburgh university. He took license in the Anti-burgher Secession church, and became pastor of the Associate Congregation of St. Andrew's Street, Leith, in 1791. In 1805 he was chosen clerk of the Associate Presbytery of Edinburgh. He died at Leith on 13 Dec. 1823.
Besides many articles in the ‘Christian Magazine,’ of which he was one of the editors, he wrote: 1. ‘Hints on the Ordinance of the Gospel Ministry,’ 1800. 2. ‘Vindication of the principles of Seceders on the head of Communion,’ 1800. 3. ‘The Covenanter's Manual, or a short illustration of the Scripture doctrine of Public Vows,’ 1808. 4. Several single sermons, one of which, on the death of Princess Charlotte and her infant son, is entitled ‘The Pillar of Rachel's Grave, or a tribute of respect to departed worth,’ 1817. 5. ‘Lectures expository and practical on the Book of Revelation,’ new edit. called ‘Lectures with practical observations on the Prophecies of John,’ Edinb. 1826, 8vo, with the author's portrait, engraved by J. Horsburgh. The second and third volumes of these lectures appeared originally at Edinburgh in 1817.
[Memoir prefixed to Lectures; Evans's Cat. of Engraved Portraits, No. 14784; Watt's Bibl. Brit.]
CULEN or COLIN, son of Indulph, king of Scotland or Alba (967–71?), was an unimportant king of the united Scotch Pictish monarchy, whose capital was Scone. His father, Indulph, was the first king who occupied Edinburgh, up to that time within Anglian Northumbria. On the death of Indulph in a conflict with the Norwegians at Invercaliss, according to the later chroniclers, or, as Mr. Skene conjectures, Indulph having, like his father Constantine, resigned the crown and become a monk (Celtic Scotland, i. 366), Dubh, the son of Malcolm, succeeded by the law of tanistry, but his succession was disputed by Culen. In 965 Culen was defeated at Duncrub in Strathearn by Dubh, with the aid of the lay abbot of Dunkeld and the governor of Athol. But two years later Dubh was defeated and slain, perhaps at Kinloss, near Forres, and Culen acquired his father's throne. The only event recorded in his uneventful reign is the close of it by his death, along with his brother Eocha, at the hands of the Britons, which is placed both by the ‘Pictish Chronicle’ and the ‘Annals of Ulster’ in 971.
[Robertson's Scotland under her Early Kings; Skene's Celtic Scotland.]
CULIN, PATRICK (d. 1534), bishop of Clogher, was an Augustinian hermit and prior of St. John without Newgate in Dublin. He was appointed to the see of Clogher by Leo X on 11 Feb. 1516. In 1528 the pope granted him a dispensation from residence on account of the poverty of his see, which had been so wasted in the wars that it was not worth more than eighty ducats a year. He continued to hold his priory with the bishopric till 1531. He died in 1534 and was buried in his cathedral.
With the assistance of Roderick Cassidy, his archdeacon, he compiled in 1525 a register of the antiquities of his church, and inserted it in a catalogue of the bishops of Clogher. From this source Sir James Ware derived most of the materials for his lives of Culin's predecessors in that see. Culin also composed a Latin hymn, still extant, in praise of St. Macartin, the first bishop of Clogher, which was usually sung on the festival of that saint.
[Ware's Writers of Ireland (Harris), p. 93; Ware's Bishops of Ireland (Harris), p. 187; Cotton's Fasti Eccl. Hibern. iii. 77; Brady's Episcopal Succession, i. 251, ii. 258.]
