king at the Cross of Brechin and afterwards joined the forces of Mar with about five hundred men (Patten, History of the Rebellion, pt. ii. p. 95). At the battle of Sheriffmuir, on 31 Nov. his regiment formed part of the second line (ib. p. 53), and he was taken prisoner, but was rescued by his brother and his servants (ib. p. 60; Preface to Registrum de Panmure, vol. i. p. xlix). After the landing of the Pretender, Panmure entertained him on the way south at Brechin Castle, 9 Jan. 1716, and on the prince's flight in February escaped to the continent. By a letter dated from Avignon 8 April 1716, he received from the prince the order of the Thistle (ib. ii. 352). On 30 June he was attainted by parliament, and his estates confiscated. They were the most valuable of all the confiscated estates, their annual rental being 3,456l., and they were sold to the York Building Company for 60,400l.
Panmure twice declined the government's offer to restore his estates on his returning and taking the oath of allegiance to the house of Hanover. After travelling in Italy and elsewhere, he finally settled in Paris. In 1720 he paid a visit to the town of Maule in France, which enabled him to establish the connection of his family with the Maules and Valoniis of Normandy (‘Journal of a Journey by the Earl of Panmure, and Mr. James Maule, his nephew, from Paris to Maule in 1720,’ in Registrum de Panmure, vol. i. pp. civ–cx). He died at Paris 11 April 1723 (O.S.) By his wife, Lady Margaret Hamilton, daughter of William, third duke of Hamilton, he left no issue. In 1717 an act was passed by parliament to enable George I to make such provision and settlement upon his wife as she would have been entitled to had her husband been dead. She died 6 Dec. 1731. There is an engraving of Panmure in the ‘Registrum de Panmure,’ by Harry Maule [q. v.], from the original painting at Brechin Castle.
The bulk of the Panmure estates were purchased in 1764 from the York Building Company for 49,157l. 18s. 4d. by William Maule, son of Harry Maule of Kelly [q. v.], and nephew of the fourth Earl of Panmure, who on 6 April 1743 was created Earl of Panmure of Forth, and Viscount Maule of Whitchurch, in the peerage of Ireland. With his death, 1 Jan. 1782, this title also became extinct, but on 9 Sept. the title of Baron Panmure of Brechin and Navar was conferred on the Hon. William Ramsay, eldest son of the eighth earl of Dalhousie, who thereupon assumed the name and arms of Maule [see Maule, William Ramsay, first Lord Panmure].
[Registrum de Panmure, ed. Stuart, 1874; Jervise's Lands of the Lindsays; Jervise's Memorials of Angus Mearns; Balcarres's Memoirs (Bannatyne Club); Patten's History of the Rebellion; Hooke's Correspondence (Roxburghe Club); Douglas's Scottish Peerage (Wood), ii. 355.]
MAULE, PATRICK, first Earl of Panmure (d. 1661), was the son of Patrick Maule of Panmure, Forfarshire, and Margaret, daughter of John Erskine of Dun, the reformer. He succeeded to the estate on the death of his father in 1605, but before that time had made his appearance at court, and accompanied James I to London in 1603, being then appointed a gentleman of the bedchamber. He had charters of the barony and teinds of Panmure in 1610 and 1619. After the death of James I, in 1625, he was continued in his office as gentleman of the bedchamber, and was made keeper of the palace and park of Eltham, and sheriff of Forfarshire. He gained the confidence of Charles I during his long term of service at the court, and became one of that monarch's special favourites. There is ample evidence afforded by his letters to his nephew, Alexander Erskine of Dun, that Maule did his best to bring about a reconciliation between the king and the covenanters. Throughout the troubles in which Charles I was involved Maule adhered to him with unshaken fidelity, and he espoused the cause of Charles II, fighting bravely in his defence. His faithfulness was recognised by his being raised to the peerage on 2 Aug. 1646, with the title of Baron Maule of Brechin and Navar and Earl of Panmure. His loyalty provoked the resentment of Cromwell, and by the Act of Grace and Pardon he was fined in the exorbitant sum of 10,000l. sterling (afterwards reduced to 4,000l.), while his son, Henry Maule, was mulcted in the penalty of 2,500l. These fines were paid in 1655. Maule died on 22 Dec. 1661, and was buried in the family vault at Panbride, Forfarshire. He was thrice married, his first wife being Frances, daughter of Sir Edward Stanhope of Grimston, Yorkshire, who was the mother of his two sons, George, second earl of Panmure, and Henry Maule of Balmakelly, Kincardineshire. His two daughters by this wife were Jean, married to the second Earl of Northesk, and Elizabeth, married to the second Earl of Kinghorne, and ancestress of the Earls of Strathmore. His second wife was Mary Waldrum, maid of honour to Queen Henrietta Maria; and his third wife was Lady Mary Erskine, daughter of John, earl of Mar, and widow of William, sixth earl Marischal, but by neither of these had he issue.
