Mahomet, Hildebrand, and the Kirk, set up the pigeon against the dove, the scimeter against the Cross, and turn a Judas to his Saviour, as well as a Cromwell to his prince.' 10. 'Religion and Loyalty, the second part, or the History of the Concurrence of the Imperial and Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction in the Government of the Church, from the beginning of the Reign of Jovian to the end of the Reign of Justinian,' London, 1685, including a long and elaborate argument against the genuineness of the 'Anecdota' of Procopius. 11. 'Reasons for abrogating the Test imposed upon all Members of Parliament, Anno 1678, Octob. 30. First written for the Author's own Satisfaction, and now published for the benefit of all others whom it may concern,' London, 1688. This was met by a sharp retort: 'Samuel, Lord Bishop of Oxon . . . answered by Samuel, Archdeacon of Canterbury,' written by John Philipps, 1688, in which an endeavour was made to convict Parker of gross inconsistency. After his death were published: 12. 'A Letter sent by Sir Leolyn Jenkins to the late King James, to bring him over to the Communion of the Church of England, written by the late Samuel Parker, D.D., Lord Bishop of Oxford; printed from the original Manuscript,' London, 1714. 13. 'Reverendi admodum in Christo patris Samuelis Parkeri Episcopi non ita pridem Oxoniensis de Rebus sui Temporis Commentariorum libri quatuor. E codice MS. ipsius authoris manu castigate, nunc primum in lucem editi,' London, 1727. Of little interest; chiefly dealing with general foreign history before the critical period of the author's life. It was twice translated: as Bishop Parker's ' History of his own Time, in four Books. Faithfully translated by Thomas Newlin, M.A.,' London, 1727; and also as ' Bp. Parker's History of his own Time, in four Books, with Remarks upon each,' &c., London, 1728. This edition contains some notes, but the biography is drawn almost entirely from Wood.
[Wood's Athenae Oxon. vol. iii.; Hearne's Collections; Biogr. Brit. vol. v. ; Gardiner's Register of Wadham College; Foster's Alumni Oxon.; Marvell's Rehearsal Transpos'd (in vol. iii. of Works, ed. Grosart) ; Burnet's History of his own Time; Gutch, i. 349 ; Bloxam's Magdalen College Re- gister, i. 121, vol. ii. preface, iii. 217, v. 146, 294-5, vi. 21, vii. 3, 28, 30-1, 32, 56. Bloxam's Magdalen College and James II (Oxford Hist. Soc. 1886) contains a full account of the whole of the proceedings of the famous contest, and gives a complete bibliography, and a list of manu- scripts bearing on the subject. Since the publi- cation of this volume the Buckley MS., a folio volume referred to therein, has been purchased by Magdalen College. Parker's own works contain several autobiographical references. Many of the answers to his books also give valuable information. Among these should be noticed: An Answer to the Bishop of Oxford's Reasons for Abrogating the Test imposed on all members of Parliament, by a Person of Quality, London, 1688 ; A Treatise of the Bulk and Selvedge of the World, wherein the Greatness, Littleness, and Lastingness of Bodies are freely handled, with an Answer to Tentamina de Deo by N. Fairfax, M.D., London, 1674; Insolence and Impudence Triumphant, Envy and Fury enthroned, the Mirrour of Malice and Madness, in a late Treatise entitled A Discourse of Ecclesiastical Polity, 1669 (no place of publication given); Deus Justificatus, Oxford, 1667, London, 1668.]
PARKER, SAMUEL (1681–1730), nonjuror and theological writer, second son of Samuel Parker [q. v.], bishop of Oxford, was born in 1681 at Chartham in Kent, and matriculated on 6 June 1694 at Trinity College, Oxford. At an early age he ‘embraced the principles of the nonjurors, and, observing a strict uniformity in his principles and practice, refused preferment offered.’ He declined the oaths of allegiance at the Revolution, and ‘lived retired ever since at Oxford, esteemed particularly for his art of pleasing in conversation.’
His chief friends are said to have been Hickes, Grabe, Jeremy Collier, Dodwell, Nelson, and Leslie, the foremost of the nonjuring theologians; and the liberality of some of them helped him to support a very large family; while Parker's piety, modesty, and learning made him highly esteemed by all who knew him. For a time he seems to have held a situation in the Bodleian Library, and while still at Oxford, in 1700 and 1701 respectively, he produced two volumes of juvenile essays, ‘Six Essays upon Philosophical Subjects,’ and ‘Sylva, or Familiar Letters upon Occasional Subjects.’ In 1705 a scare was raised about a supposed ‘Academy’ of his in Oxford, suspected to be disseminating Jacobite principles, but whose ‘business,’ says Hearne, was only this—that he had a son of one Colonel Tufton as a resident pupil. He is repeatedly alluded to by Hearne. On 20 Jan. 1710 Hearne records that Parker had so far relented as to allow his wife to take the sacrament in the established church; under 11 May 1711 he notes that Parker himself now conformed like ‘Mr. Dodwell,’ whose ‘Case in view now in fact’ had persuaded him to take this step. After helping to close for a time the nonjuring schism, he was repeatedly canvassed to write answers to books and pamphlets directed against the conduct of his party, and it was commonly,
