PARSONS, JOHN MEESON (1798–1870), picture collector, youngest son of Thomas Parsons of Newport, Shropshire, was born at Newport on 27 Oct. 1798, and educated by the Rev. Richard Thurstfield of Pattingham, then by the Rev. Francis Blick of Tamworth, and afterwards privately at Oxford; but hard reading brought on inflamation of the eyes, which obliged him to give up all study. He then settled in the city of London, and became a member of the Stock Exchange. Early in his London career he took an interest in railways, was elected an associate of the Institution of Civil Engineers on 5 Feb. 1839, and on 9 Feb. 1843 became a director of the London and Brighton Railway Company, of which he was appointed chairman on 19 June 1843. In this office he was succeeded by Pascoe Grenfell on 11 April 1844, and ceased to be a director on 21 Aug. 1848. He was also a director of the Shropshire Union Railway from 1845 to 1849.
For many years he resided at 6 Raymond Buildings, Gray's Inn, and spent much of his time in collecting pictures and works of art. He had amassed at the time of his death a valuable gallery of pictures, principally of the German and Dutch schools, and of water-colour drawings by English artists. By his will he left to the trustees of the National Gallery, London, such of his oil-paintings, not exceeding one hundred, as they might choose to select, and in case of their declining to accept the gift wholly or in part, then the same right of selection to the department of science and art at South Kensington. He also bequeathed to South Kensington any of his water-colours, sepia or charcoal drawings which they might be pleased to select, not exceeding one hundred. The trustees of the National Gallery selected only three, 'Fishing Boats in a Breeze off the West,' by J. M. W. Turner, and two paintings by P. J. Clays of Brussels. The department of science and art in June 1870 selected ninety-two oil and forty-seven water-colour paintings. A number of fine engravings were also left to the British Museum.
Parsons removed from 6 Raymond Buildings in November 1869 to 45 Russell Square, Bloomsbury, and died there on 26 March 1870. He married a daughter of John Mayhew, but was soon left a widower with one daughter, Ellen, who, on 16 May 1860, married Sir Charles William Atholl Oakeley, bart., of Frittenden House, Staplehurst, Kent.
[Minutes of Proceedings of Institution of Civil Engineers, 1871, xxxi. 252-3; List of Bequests to South Kensington Museum, 1889, p. 15; Redgrave's Catalogue of Water-colour Paintings at South Kensington, 1877, pp. 82 sq.; Eighteenth Report of Science and Art Department in Parliamentary Papers, 1871, pp. xxx, 44, 387, 404, 415, and Nineteenth Report, Appendix, pp. 444-5.]
PARSONS, Sir LAWRENCE (d. 1698), was the eldest son and heir of Sir William Parsons, bart., of Birr Castle, King's County, the second son of Sir Lawrence Parsons, second baron of the Irish exchequer. Sir William Parsons [q. v.], lord justice of Ireland, was his granduncle. His father, William Parsons, had been created governor of Ely O'Carrol and Birr Castle on the outbreak of the rebellion of 1641, and had greatly distinguished himself by his obstinate defence of Birr Castle for nearly fourteen months against the Irish (an account of the siege, written by himself, will be found in the Picture of Parsonstown, Dublin, 1826, attributed to C. Cooke). He eventually surrendered to General Preston on 20 Jan. 1643, and shortly afterwards retired to England. He sided with the parliament, received a commission as colonel of a regiment of foot, and served as quarter-master-general under Major-general Sidenham Poyntz [q. v.] at the battle of Rowton Heath on 24 Sept. 1645 (see A Letter from Colonel Poyntz … with a perfect Narrative of Colonel Parsons, London, 1645). Returning to Ireland, he died in 1653 of a petrifaction in one of his kidneys, which is said to have been converted entirely into stone, and to be still preserved in the museum of Trinity College, Dublin.
Lawrence Parsons was appointed a trustee for the '49 officers under the acts of settlement and explanation, and on 15 Dec. 1677 was created a baronet. He was a staunch protestant, and when Tyrconnel became lord lieutenant, and the state inclined to favour the catholics, he was subjected to a number of petty annoyances, especially from the high sheriff of the county, Colonel Heward Oxburgh, who had formerly acted as his agent. In January 1689 Oxburgh obtained an order to garrison Birr Castle in the interests of James II. To this Parsons demurred, but, being besieged by Oxburgh, he capitulated on 20 Feb., and was placed in strict confinement till 27 March, when he was removed
