troduction to the Study of Painted Glass,’ 1849, 8vo. His last work, issued posthumously in 1865, was ‘Memoirs illustrative of the Art of Glass-Painting.’ It is preceded by a biographical memoir with portrait, to which Winston's correspondence with Charles Heath Wilson [q. v.] between 1856 and 1864 is appended.
Winston died suddenly at his chambers in Harcourt Buildings, in the Temple, on 3 Oct. 1864. He had married, in the preceding May, Maria, youngest daughter of Philip Raoul Lempriere of Rozel Manor, Jersey. His collection of drawings was presented by his widow to the British Museum, after having been exhibited at the Arundel Society's rooms in 1865.
[Winston's Works; Gent. Mag. 1864, ii. 658–660; Catalogue of Drawings from Ancient Glass Paintings by Charles Winston, with brief Memoir by J. B. Waring, 1865.]
WINSTON, THOMAS (1576–1655), physician, son of Thomas Winston, a carpenter, of Painswick, Gloucestershire, and his wife Judith, daughter of Roger Lancaster of Hertfordshire, was born in 1575. He graduated M.A. at Clare Hall, Cambridge, in 1602, and continued a fellow of that college till 1617. He then studied medicine at Padua, where he attended the lectures of Fabricius ab Aquapendente, and at Basle, where he became a pupil of the celebrated Caspar Bauhin. He graduated M.D. at Padua, and was incorporated M.D. at Cambridge in 1608. He was admitted a licentiate of the College of Physicians in London on 9 March 1610, a candidate or member on 10 Sept. 1613, and was elected a fellow on 20 March 1615. He was ten times censor between 1622 and 1637. He was an active member of the Virginia Company, regularly attending its meetings in London until October 1621, and acting as one of the editors of 'A Declaration of the State of the Colonie and Affaires in Virginia,' published in 1620. He was elected professor of physic at Gresham College on 25 Oct. 1615, and held office till 1642. He then went suddenly to France, but returned in 1652. The speaker of the House of Commons, William Lenthall [q. v.], wrote to the Gresham committee on his behalf, and on 20 Aug. 1652 he was restored to his professorship, which he held till his death. He had a large practice as a physician, and always kept an apothecary, who followed him humbly. Meric Casaubon praises his learning (Notes on Marci Antonii Meditationes, 1634, p. 33). He died on 24 Oct. 1655, and alter his death his 'Anatomy Lectures' were published in London in 1659 and 1664. They are well expressed, and show much anatomical reading as well as a practical acquaintance with the anatomy of man and of animals. He made no original discoveries, held the old erroneous opinion that there are openings in the septum between the ventricles, showed no acquaintance with Harvey's demonstration of the circulation, and believed that the arteries transmit vital spirit elaborated in the left ventricle as well as blood. He made no parade of learning, but was obviously well read in Galen and in Latin literature.
[Works; Ward's Gresham Professors; Munk's Coll. of Phys. vol. i.; Brown's Genesis of the United States.]
WINT, PETER de (1784–1849), landscape-painter. [See De Wint.]
WINTER, Sir EDWARD (1622?–1686), agent at Fort St. George (Madras), was the son of William Winter and great-grandson of Admiral Sir William Winter [q. v.] He was born in 1622 or 1623, and went to India about 1630, probably under the charge of an elder brother, Thomas, who was chief of the Masulipatam factory in 1647. In 1655 Edward Winter was appointed to the same post, but three years later he was dismissed, whereupon he returned to England, reaching London in the summer of 1660. He had amassed a considerable fortune, and, as he brought home his wife and family, he probably had no intention of going again to the east. The East India Company, however, in reorganising their affairs upon the grant of their new charter (1661), needed the services of an energetic man versed in the affairs of the Coromandel coast, and were willing to forget their former grievances against his private trading. Accordingly, by a commission dated 20 Feb. 1661–2, Winter (who had been knighted at Whitehall on the 13th of that month) was appointed agent at Fort St. George, on an agreement to serve for three years from the date of his arrival (22 Sept. 1662).
Before long, however, he was involved in a violent quarrel with his council, while serious accusations of fraud were made against him in the letters sent home. The result was seen in the appearance (June 1665) of a new agent, in the person of George Foxcroft, who had been instructed to take over the administration at once, and to inquire into the charges brought against Winter and others. Foxcroft appears to have been a weak man, wholly unfitted for such a task; but under the influence of Jeremy Sambrooke, one of the members of his council, he commenced with some show of vigour. The
