Page:EB1922 - Volume 32.djvu/731

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TELEGRAPH
705


This would be written by the receiving operator as follows:—

The President of the United States will address Congress this afternoon on the Philippine Question.

Many other schemes are used to save time and cost.

Fig. 12.—Terminal Circuit for Carrier Telegraph Channel.

General Bibliography. H. H. Harrison, The Historical Basis of Modern Printing Telegraphy (1915); A. C. Booth, Machine Telegraphy (1914); H. H. Harrison, The Story of the Keyboard Perforators (1917); Maj. O'Meara, The Various Systems of Multiple Telegraphy (1911); J. H. Bell, “Printing Telegraph Systems,” American I. E. E. (Feb. 1920); H. H. Harrison, “The Principles of Modern Printing Telegraphy,” Inst. E. E. (1915); D. Murray, “Press-the-Button-Telegraphy,” Telegraph and Telephone Journal (Nov. 1914-July 1915); E. H. Colpitts and O. B. Blackwell, “Carrier Current Telephony and Telegraphy,” American I. E. E. (Feb. 1921).


Miles of Telegraph Wire of the World—January 1 1910, 1914 and 1920

(Some of the figures for the most part those for small places not shown separately—are necessarily in part estimated.)

Single Wire

Jan. 1 1910 Jan. 1 1914 Jan. 1 1920
 Great Britain 311,942  313,166  318,759 
 Denmark 8,048  8,191  8,500 
 France 379,888  381,000  715,468 
 Germany 388,412  459,811  486,714 
 Italy 126,505  129,500  208,210 
 Norway 13,120  13,211  16,195 
 Sweden 40,171  42,194  53,300 
 Switzerland 16,336  16,476  19,085 
 Other countries in Europe 826,730  929,072  930,000 



Total Europe 2,111,152  2,292,621  2,756,231 



 Japan 97,300  106,946  127,000 
 Other countries in Asia 399,030  436,763  553,000 



Total Asia 496,330  543,709  680,000 



 Union of South Africa 46,853  54,201  49,432 
 Other countries in Africa 110,000  122,159  140,000 



Total Africa 156,853  176,360  189,432 



 United States 1,480,000  1,615,000  1,700,000 
 Canada 153,000  193,277  214,629 
 Other countries in North America  78,000  86,805  95,000 



Total North America 1,711,000  1,895,082  2,009,629 



Total South America 143,590  251,990  333,632 



 Australia 92,909  108,931  147,276 
 New Zealand 20,188  25,892  29,700 
 Other countries in Oceania 14,700  19,319  24,100 



Total Oceania 127,797  154,142  201,076 



Total throughout world  4,746,722   5,313,904   6,170,000 

Note:—In the case of countries the boundaries of which have undergone change, the figures for each year represent the number of miles of telegraph wire within the boundaries of that year.

Telegraph wire used exclusively for railroad operation and not open to public use has been excluded wherever possible.