Page:Elementary lectures on electric discharges, waves and impulses, and other transients (Steinmetz 1911).djvu/12

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CONTENTS.
ix
page
field current caused by it. Effect of inductance in the exciter field. Calculation and construction of the transient phenomena of a polyphase alternator short circuit.
21. The transients of the single-phase alternator short circuit. The permanent double- frequency pulsation of armature reaction and of field current. The armature transient depending on the phase of the wave. Combination of full-frequency transient and double-frequency permanent pulsation of field current, and the shape of the field current resulting therefrom. Potential difference at field terminal at short circuit, and its industrial bearing.
Lecture V. — Single-Energy Transients of Ironclad Circuits
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22. Absence of proportionality between current and magnetic flux in ironclad circuit. Numerical calculation by step-by-step method. Approximation of magnetic characteristic by Fröhlich’s formula, and its rationality.
23. General expression of magnetic flux in ironclad circuit. Its introduction in the differential equation of the transient. Integration, and calculation of a numerical instance. High-current values and steepness of ironclad magnetic transient, and its industrial bearing.
Lecture VI. — Double-Energy Transients
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24. Single-energy transient, after separation from permanent term, as a steady decrease of energy. Double-energy transient consisting of energy-dissipation factor and energy-transfer factor. The latter periodic or unidirectional. The latter rarely of industrial importance.
25. Pulsation of energy during transient. Relation between maximum current and maximum voltage. The natural impedance and the natural admittance of the circuit. Calculation of maximum voltage from maximum current, and inversely. Instances of line short circuit, ground on cable, lightning stroke. Relative values of transient currents and voltages in different classes of circuits.
26. Trigonometric functions of the periodic factor of the transient. Calculation of the frequency. Initial values of current and voltage.
27. The power-dissipation factor of the transient. Duration of the double-energy transient the harmonic mean of the duration of the magnetic and of the dielectric transient. The dissipation exponent, and its usual approximation. The complete equation of the double-energy transient. Calculation of numerical instance.
Lecture VII. — Line Oscillations
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28. Review of the characteristics of the double-energy transient: periodic and transient factor; relation between current and voltage; the periodic component and the frequency; the transient component and the duration; the initial values of current and voltage.