posthumous name 忠慤), who succeeded to the earldom in 1660, took part for eight years (1674–82) in the war against Wu San-kuei [q. v.] and then served as Tartar General at Foochow (1682-89). In 1701, when T'ung Kuo-yao's grandson, Ch'i-fu 齊福 (or 七復) to succeeded to the hereditary rank, he was reduced to a second class viscount—the rank which had originally been given to T'ung Yang-hsing. The rank remained so in the family until the close of the dynasty.
[1/237/1a; 2/4/12b; 2/5/35b; 2/79/1b; 3/262/31a; Mêng Sên, "Pa-ch'i chih-tu k'ao-shih" (see bibl. under Nurhaci); Pa-ch'i Man-chou shih-tsu tung-p'u (see under Anfiyanggû).]
TZ'Ŭ-hsi. See under Hsiao-ch'in.
U
UBAI 吳(武)拜, d. 1665, age 70 (sui), belonged to the Gūwalgiya clan and was attached to the Plain White Banner. His father, Urikan 武理堪, was in the service of Nurhaci [q. v.] for many years as captain of one of the companies (niru) of Banner troops. He died in 1619 from wounds received in a battle with the Ming armies which had been sent by Yang Hao [q. v.]. Ubai, who had already attracted notice by his bravery, succeeded to the post. He took part in the capture of Shên-yang and Liao-yang in 1621, receiving as his reward one thousand prisoners. In 1626 Abahai [q. v.] made him one of the two assistant commanders of the Bordered White Banner. Although arrested in 1630 for being involved with Amin [q. v.] in the loss of four cities, he was freed in consideration of his past service and made a colonel of vanguard troops (gabsihiyan jalan i janggin). After six more years of constant fighting he was promoted to the command of the vanguard troops of four Banners (galsihiyan gala i amban), and given a position in the council of state.
Ubai served in all the important engagements of the next eight years. In 1645, a year after the establishment of the Manchu dynasty at Peking, he was made an assistant chamberlain of the Imperial Body guard and was given the rank of earl of the second class. Together with his brother, Subai 蘇拜, he was closely associated with the supporters of the regency of Dorgon [q. v.]. Dorgon died on the last day of the year 1650. During the funeral Dorgon 's elder brother, Ajige [q. v.], behaved in a suspicious manner, and was accused at a meeting of councilors on January 26, 1651, at which Ubai was present, of attempting to seize the regency. Ajige was arrested, imprisoned, and compelled to commit suicide later in the year. For his part in exposing the plot, Ubai received promotion to the rank of marquis of the third class. About a month later Bolhoi 博爾輝, the chief accuser of Ajige, was condemned to death on the charge of spreading malicious reports. Ubai and his brother were stripped of their ranks and suffered confiscation of all their property. Subai regained an official post shortly afterwards, but Ubai remained in disgrace until 1658 when Emperor Shih-tsu conferred on him the rank of viscount of the first class in memory of his distinguished military services. Ubai died in 1665 and was given the posthumous name Kuo-chuang 果壯. The most prominent of his sons was Langtan [q. v.] who succeeded to the hereditary title and the captaincy of the Banner company.
[1/236/1b; 3/262/9b; 11/6/46a; 34/156/3a; Tung-hua lu, Shun-chih period.]
ULGUNGGA 烏爾恭阿 (H. 石琴主人), d. 1846, age about 70 (sui), prince and poet, was a descendant in the seventh generation of Jirgalang [q. v.]. The latter was the first Prince Chêng (鄭親王), but when his second son, Jidu [q. v.], inherited the princedom, the designation Chêng was altered to Chien 簡. In 1748 the princedom was taken from Jidu's branch of the family and given to Tê-p'ei [q. v.], a great-grandson of Jirgalang's brother. As Tê-p'ei had no heir the rank was given to Citungga 奇通阿 (d. 1763), a grandnephew of Jidu. In 1778 when Citungga's grandson, Jihana 積哈那 (H. 清修道人, 1758–1784), held the title, Emperor Kao-tsung, remembering the services of Jirgalang in founding the empire, decreed that the designation, Chêng, should be restored. Jihana had a bent for literature and possessed some skill as a painter. Ulgungga, eldest son of Jihana, became the third Prince Chêng in 1794 and the twelfth inheritor of Jirgalang's princedom. His long life as a prince was uneventful, but he performed well the duties belonging to his station. He accompanied Emperors Jên-tsung and Hsüan-tsung on some of their tours but, except for journeys to Mukden and Jehol, never went beyond the metropolitan area of Chihli. He spent his life collecting
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