708 HERALDRY The other is the seal of the king-maker. As lord of Glamorgan he gives precedence to De Clare and Le Despenser, and bears quarterly of four grand quarters I. and IV. quarterly, De Clare and Le Despenser; II. and III., Montacwte and Monthermer ; Neville not appearing at all. The crests are those of Beauchamp and Montecute. The remaining supporter is the Neville bull, muzzled, and below are ragged staves for Beauchamp (fig. 130). The counterseal gives on the shield Neville above with a label, and the swan crest on the helmet. The caparisons are quarterly of four grand quarters : I. quarterly 1, effaced ; 2 and 3, Newburgh charged with iive pards heads, jessant fleurs-de-lys for Cantelupe ; 4, Beauchamp; II. and III. 1 and 4, De Clare; 2 and 3, Le Despenser; IV. 1 and 4, Beauchamp; 2 and 3, Newburgh (fig. 131). FIG. 130. Seal of Richard Neville, earl of Warwick. The rules were also departed from where the royal arms were quartered, as by Devereux, Hastings, and Stafford, when it was usual to place them in the first or second quarter out of their genealogical order. Also in certain cases the quarterings of an heiress are not broken up, but borne combined as a sub-quarter, sometimes ealled a grand quarter. Thus the royal arms always form a special quar ter, and probably the arms of Howard, quartering, as they always do, Brotherton, Mowbray, and Warren, would be so treated. The English mode of quartering i.s defective, inasmuch as it affords no proof of purity of descent on both sides. A new man whose father married a Talbot or Clinton heiress would combine their ancient quarterings with his new coat, and few would be the wiser. On the Continent and in Scotland the system is far more perfect, and the quarter ings include all ancestors and ancestresses of every kind. Thers a man who can prove the arms of his father and mother has two quarters ; of his grand father and grandmother, four ; and so The following scheme, supplied FIG. 131. Countursi-al of Richard Xeville, carl of Warwick. JO 63 ^ t, -1 -l CO <D - 5 " E S S ot
td ^ ^ y 2? ^ c^ cn fc- E/i c M P . -| = E 3 t~* 3 P cn ir John ? ^ W W = o r P s ! ? E ^ 3 1 S" W ^ S 3 -^ 1 f. ^ o o O tR_ 1 P ^ P S. 1 3 ? 3. 5 P 3 .* from the family records of Mr C. J. MidJleton, registrar of the preroga tive court, the representative in the male line of a Scottish family, the Middletons of Fettercairn, two of whom were earls of Middleton, will explain this. It gives, or nearly gives, the well-known " seize quartiers," without which, in former days, scarcely any important office was ever to be obtained : 7 Jlobert Mlddleton -= Catherine Strachan. John, earl of Middlcton. I Middleton. I The arms are thus marshalled (fig. 132) : Quarterly of 16: 1, Middleton; 2, Gordon; 3, Strachan; 4, Livingston; 5, Eamsay; 6, Wood; 7, Carnegie; 8, Guthrie; 9, Strachan; 10, ; 11, Erskine; 12, Graham; 13. Graham; 14, Erskine; 15, Carnegie; 16, AVemyss. When John de Foix, count of Candale, was about to marry Joan, daughter of William de la Pole, duke of Suffolk, by Alice Chaucer, the "probatio nobilitatis " was
sought for, though with little success, in England :