Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/279

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Plur. 1. c. נוּ ־ֵ֫ נוּ our.
2. m. נֶם ־ְכֶם your.
f. כֶן ־ְכֶן
3. m. הֶם ־ָם eorum.
מוֹ (poet. ־ָ֫ מוֹ)
f. הֶן (הֵן) ־ָן earum.

 [c Rem. 1. There is less variety of forms in these than in the verbal suffixes; the particular forms are used as follows:—

(a) Those without a connecting vowel (on the derivation of these ‘connecting vowels’ from original stem-vowels, see note on § 58 f) are generally joined to nouns of a peculiar form (see § 96), the constr. st. of which ends in a vowel, as אָבִ֫יךָ, אָבִ֫יהוּ and אָבִיו, אָבִ֫יהָ, אָבִ֫ינוּ, אֲבִיכֶם, אֲבִיכֶן, אֲבִיהֶם, אֲבִיהֶן, sometimes also to segholate forms ending in î from ל״ה stems (see § 93 x, y), e.g. פְּרִיהֶם the fruit of them, Am 914 (also פִּרְיָם Is 3730, &c.), פּרִיהֶן Jer 2928 (also פִּרְיָן verse 5); cf., moreover, חֶלְבְּהֶן Lv 816.25 and similar examples with הֶן (Is 317 הֵן) Gn 2128, Ez 1317, 1653.[1] Also in Gn 121, 44, Ez 1012, Nah 28, &c., the Keth. perhaps intends the singular, לְמִֽינְהֶם, &c., but the Masora requires the plural with defective ê.

 [d (b) The forms with connecting vowels (§ 58 f) are joined to nouns ending in a consonant. The connecting vowel is regularly a in the 3rd sing. fem. ־ָהּ (for aha) and 3rd plur. ־ָם, ־ָ֫ מוֹ, ־ָן, also in the 3rd sing. masc. (הֹ) וֹ, since the ô is contracted from a[h]û, and in the pausal form of the 2nd masc. ־ֶ֫ ךָ (a modification of original ־ַ֫ ךָ).

The forms with ē in the above-mentioned persons are common only with nouns in ־ֶה (from stems ל״ה), constr. st. ־ֵה (cf. § 89 f), e.g. שָׂדֵ֫הוּ (from sadaihû) his field; עָלֶ֫הָ its leaf, Is 130; מַרְאֶ֫הָ the appearance thereof, Lv 134 (from mar’aihā; on the Seghôl see k); but שָׂדָהּ her field. The orthographic retention of the י, e.g. מַֽעֲשֶׂ֫יךָ, מַֽעֲשָׂיו, gives to many forms the appearance of plurals; see the instances in § 93 ss.

Apart from these ל״ה forms the connecting vowel ē in the 3rd pers. occurs only in isolated cases; אוֹרֵ֫הוּ his light, Jb 253; לְמִינֵ֫הוּ after its kind, Gn 112.25 [+ 12 times]; Na 113; in Ju 1924 read פִּֽילַגְשׁוֹ as in vv. 2, 25. On the other hand ־ֵךְ in the 2nd sing. fem. and ־ֵ֫ נוּ in the 1st plur. are by far the more common forms, while ־ָךְ, ־ָ֫ נוּ are of rare occurrence; see e.—Instead of ־ְךָ (־ְכָה in Gn 1019, Ex 1316, Jer 2925, &c., cf. בְּכָה, לְכָה § 103 g), ־ְכֶם, ־ְכֶן (with Šewâ mobile), if the last consonant of the noun is a guttural, the forms are ־ֲךָ, ־ֲכֶם, ־ֲכֶן, e.g. רֽוּחֲךָ thy spirit, בֹּרַֽאֲךָ thy creator, Is 431, רֵיֽעֲכֶם your friend, Jb 627 (on such cases as בְּחֶוֹכְכֶם Hag 25, see § 10 g).—With Nun energicum (cf. § 58 i, and on עוֹנֶ֑ךָּ Jb 51, &c., cf. § 61 h) דֶַיּ֑ךָּ occurs in Pr 2516, in principal pause.

2. Rare or incorrect forms are—

 [e Sing. 1st pers. ־ֵ֫ נִי in בְּשׁוּבֵ֫נִי Ez 477 (certainly only a scribal error, caused by וַיְשִׁבֵ֫נִי in verse 6).

  1. Also in Jer 1510 read (according to § 61 h, end) כֻּלְּהֶם קִלְּלוּנִי; in Ho 76 probably אַפְּהֶם for אֹֽפֵהֶם.