noteworthy contrast to the day when the island fed the fortresses of Louisburg and Quebec. Now it feeds a coalmining city. The farmers' season is short but profitable. A provincial-government experimental farm has been established for half a century, and there are eight model orchards throughout the province. The fisheries (lobster, oyster and herring) are profitable. The Malpeque is the oyster of Montreal; it comes from Richmond Bay on the ocean-side of the island.
Educational advantages are excellent. Prince of Wales College and St. Dunstan College are important institutions and are affiliated with McGill and Laval. There is a free public-school system, the schools being supported both by local taxation and by government grants. Schoolhouses are seldom more than three miles apart, so well is the island supplied. Sir William C. Macdonald of Montreal has established a consolidated school near Hillsborough, where among other things manual training, home-science and nature-study are provided. There also are Macdonald rural schools throughout the province. At Charlottetown there are the noticeably fine building of Prince of Wales College and Normal School, a government (undenominational) institution. Its diplomas are accepted at McGill (Montreal). The Roman Catholic College of St. Dunstan, which is affiliated with Laval, the Roman Catholic university at Quebec and Montreal, also is in Charlottetown. Charlottetown is the capital (population 12,000). It is situated on a fine harbor in the middle of the province. Summerside and Georgetown (winter-port) are the next in importance.
Prince of Wales is the title usually borne by the oldest son of a reigning sovereign of Great Britain. The monarchs of Wales (q. v.) during its independence were so designated, and upon its becoming a part of England the principality of Wales was bestowed by Edward I (1283) upon his son, afterwards Edward II. In 1343 the title was bestowed upon Edward the Black Prince, and from that time to the present the custom has been followed by each reigning sovereign of Great Britain. The title is not inherited but bestowed, and usually some time after the coronation of the sovereign. On the death of a Prince of Wales the title has been transferred to the next heir apparent, if a male. An annuity of $200,000 was settled upon the Prince of Wales by 26 Vict. c. 1. By statute the Prince of Wales becomes a Knight of the Garter as soon as he receives the former title. The particular badge of the Prince of Wales is a design of three white ostrich-feathers encircled by the ancient coronet of Wales and accompanied by the motto: Ich dien (I serve). This device is said to have been assumed by the Black Prince in 1346, when he took such a plume from John, King of Bohemia, whom he slew in battle. The origin of the motto has never been satisfactorily traced. See York, Duke of.
Prince Rupert on Kaien Island south of Port Simpson, British Columbia, has been selected as the Pacific terminus of the Grand Trunk Pacific (q. v.). The route round the world will be shortened by this road. It brings Liverpool nearer to eastern markets.
The Princess, a medley by Tennyson, is among his earlier productions and appeared in 1847. The story is a single one, told in blank verse in seven cantos with a prologue and a conclusion and with a lyrical song between each canto. A princess of the south has been betrothed to a prince of the north in early childhood. She, however, was not favorably inclined to the marriage when she had matured. She felt the call to something higher. Consequently she set up a women's college in entire isolation from the world, it being an inviolable rule that no man should ever enter. The outcome of the story is that the college fails, the princess weds and thus illustrates that knowledge and high intellectual and esthetic ideals apart from real social life are impotent. A child is one of the potent means of arousing and bringing the princess to her true self. The poem is a medley in that it unites in itself the medieval and the modern, the serious and the farcical, the congruous and the incongruous, the possibly real and the impossibly fanciful. The lyrics between the cantos are the most delightful parts of the poem, and critics are well-agreed that when The Princess has been forgotten these exquisitely beautiful songs will live. Aside from their own beauty, they assist in interpreting and predicting the meaning of the whole poem.
Prince′ton, N. J., a borough in Mercer County, 50 miles by rail from New York and about the same distance from Philadelphia. On January 3, 1777, it was the scene of a battle between the British under Colonel Mawhood and the Americans under Washington, in which the British were defeated. Here Washington dated his farewell address to his army. The place, however, is chiefly celebrated as the seat of the University of Princeton and of Princeton Theological Seminary. Population 5,136.
Princeton University was founded in 1746 at Newark, N. J., as the College of New Jersey. It removed to Princeton in 1752, and in 1896 changed its name to Princeton University. It is the fourth oldest among American colleges. Its second president was Aaron Burr, Sr., whose son became vice-president of the United States. Among other distinguished presidents we find the names of Jonathan Edwards, Francis Patton, and Woodrow Wilson. Nassau Hall, the oldest building, was a barracks and a hospital during the Revolution. Among the graduates of Princeton, which has always ranked with Yale and Harvard, stand some of the most distinguished men in American history. The
