physician, member of the Academy of Medicine, was born at Angoulême, Sept. 16, 1796, studied under his uncle, Jean Bouillaud, a surgeon-major in the army, and took his degree as doctor at Paris, Aug. 23, 1823. M. Bouillaud became favourably known to the profession by publishing, in 1824, in conjunction with M. R. J. Bertin, a treatise on "Diseases of the Heart." He was elected professor of clinical medicine at the Hôpital de la Charité in 1831; was Deputy for Angoulême from 1842 to 1846, voting generally with the "Left;" became a member of the Superior Council of the University, was created an Officer of the Legion of Honour, April 27, 1847, was chosen to succeed M. Orfila as Dean of the Faculty of Medicine of Paris in 1848, was created a Commander of the Legion of Honour in 1864, and was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences in 1868. In addition to the above-mentioned works, M. Bouillaud has published numerous medical treatises, amongst which may be named "Traité de l'Encéphalite," 1825; "Traité Clinique et Expérimental des Fièvres dites Essentielles," 1826; "Traité Clinique et Statistique du Choléra," 1832; "Traité Clinique des Maladies du Cœur," 1835; "Clinique Médicale de l'Hôpital de la Charité," 1837; "Traité Clinique du Rheumatisme Articulaire," 1840; "Sur le Siége du Sens du Langage articulé," in 1839–48; "Traité de Nosographie Médicale," 1846; his most important work, "Leçons Cliniques sur les Maladies du Cœur et des gros Vaisseaux," 1853; "Du Diagnostic et de la Curabilité du Cancer," 1854; "De l'Influence des Doctrines ou des Systèmes Pathologiques de la Thérapeutique," 1859; "Discours sur le Vitalisme et l'Organisme," 1860; "De la Congestion cérébrale apoplectiforme dans ses rapports avec l'Epilepsie," 1861; and "L'Aphasie," a report laid before the Academy of Sciences, 1876. M. Bouillaud was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences in 1868. He is vice-president of the French Temperance Society, which was established in 1874.
BOULEY, Henri, a French veterinary surgeon, born in Paris in 1814, professor of clinical medicine and surgery at the school of Alfort, and since 1855 a member of the Academy of Medicine (veterinary section), was appointed Inspector-General of Veterinary Schools, Jan. 6, 1866. He is the author of the following works:—"Causes Générales de la Morve dans nos Régiments de Cavalerie," 1840; "Traité de l'Organisation du Pied du Cheval," 1851; "De la Péripneumonie Epizootique du gros Bétail," 1854; "Nouveau Dictionnaire Pratique de Médecine, de Chirurgie, et d'Hygiène Vétérinaires," 1855–72, vols. i. to x., in conjunction with M. Raynal; "Dictionnaire lexicographique et descriptif des Sciences médicale et vétérinaire," 1863, conjointly with Messieurs Raige-Delorme, Charles Daremberg, J. Mignon, and Charles Lamy; "Peste bovine," a report presented to the Minister of Agriculture, 1867; and "La Rage, moyens d'en éviter les dangers, et de prévenir sa propagation," 1870. He has likewise published several notices, and memoirs; and edited, since 1844, the Reports, "Bulletin de la Societé Centrale de Médecine Vétérinaire." M. Bouley was made a Knight of the Legion of Honour, Dec. 25, 1844, and promoted to the rank of Officer, Dec. 9, 1865. He was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences in 1868, and was nominated a member of the commission appointed to organise the Institut Agronomique, Aug. 11, 1876.
BOURBAKI, Charles Denis Sauter, a French general, of Greek extraction, born at Paris, April 22, 1816, was a sub-lieutenant in the Zouaves, from 1836 to 1838, when he was appointed a Lieutenant in
