and probably g is to be read ŋ. Thus in b.b. we find innechreu 29, innvfin (≡ yn nwfn) 87, inyffrin 65, inyganhvy 47, yg godir, ygodir 63; in a.l. ms. a. eniokel (≡ yn niogel) i 46, 50, emon e kolouen (≡ ỿm môn ỿ golofn) i 10. Non-mutation is rarer: ym brin b.b. 33, in diffrin 47, 48. On the other hand p, t, c are rarely mutated, the usual forms being in tyno, im pop b.b. 33, ym pob 87, im pen 42, 57, impell 82, yg coed, 49; en ty e-clochyd a.l. i 52, en-tal e-ueig̃ 72. But examples of mutation also occur, mh, nh, ngh appearing at first as m, n, g 24 i, as ymlith b.b. 20, in hal art do. 49, eghyd (≡ ỿnghɥ̄́d) a.l. i 40, emop lle do. 60. These examples show that the mutation had already taken place, and that the written radical was a survival of O.W. spelling. It is to be noted that the n of yn is in every case assimilated in position to the explosive, even where that is unmutated. So before m, as im mon b.b. 61, im minit eidin do. 95.
iv. Since yn kept its nasal, it is natural that it should mutate tenues as well as mediae; but as fy lost its nasal ending early, we should expect it to mutate the mediae but not the tenues, like naw, which gives naw mlynedd ‘9 years’, but naw pwys ‘9 Ibs.’ In O.W. and Early Ml. W. this is, in fact, the case. Thus in O. W. we have mi-telu ‘my household’, mi coueidid ‘my company’, juv. sk. (9th cent.); and in b.b. we find vy tud 13, vy perchen, vy parch 42, wy clun 49, vy pen, vy crawn 62, vy penhid 81, vy ki 99 ; the form wympechaud 83 is a rare exception, and in no case is the tenuis nasalized. But b and d are generally nasalized in b.b., g being also probably for ŋ; thus vy nruc 24, wy-uragon 51, vi-mrid (≡ fy mryd) 82, wi-nvywron (≡ fy nw͡yfron) 100, wy-nihenit 50, vy martrin 67. The occurrence of a number of examples like vy martrin 67, wy duu 82, vy dewis, vy Devs 42, is probably due to the influence of the regular non-mutation of p, t. We do not seem to meet with such forms as vyn drwc, vym bryd which appear in later mss.; vy is written as an open syllable, and p, t, k are not mutated after it. The later mutation of these is analogical; the mutation caused by fy in the mediae was extended to the tenues in imitation of the complete and consistent system of mutation after yn.
But in spite of the levelling of the mutation after the two
