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turhnlptit and combative spirit had meanwhile involved him in so many controversies that there was no peace nnti! he was removed; in 1713 he was made Bishop of Rochester and Dean of West- minster. It was supposed — not unreasonably — that Atterbury aspired to the primacy; but the death of (Jueen Anne extinguished his hopes in that direction. His known character and Jaco- bite leanings made him no favorite with George I. In I71"> lie refused to sign the bishops' declara- tion of fidelity, and some of the most violent protests (if the peers against the Government measures proceeded from his reckless pen. His deep cnniplicity in a succession of plots for the restoration of the Stuarts brought down upon him at length the charge of treason, and in Au- gust, 1722, he was committed to the Tower. A bill of pains and penalties was brought into the House of Commons, and passed in the Lords by a majority of 83 to 43. Atterbury, who had de- fended himself with great ability, was deprived of all liis ecclesiastical offices, incapacitated from hc'lding an}' civil or spiritual office in the King's dominions, and condemned to perpetual banish- ment. The people generally considered him a martyr. In .June, 1723, he quitted England for France, and after a short stay at Brussels, finally settled at Paris, where he died February 15, 1732. In his e.xile he maintained a constant correspondence with his friends, and took an active jiart in the abortive conspiracies of the Jacobites. His fame as a writer is founded on his sermons, and his letters to Pope, Swift, and others ; as a letter-writer, indeed, he has seldom been surpassed. Consult his Memoirs and Cor- re>ii)0)ifjciicc. edited by F. Williams (London, 18G1M.

ATTERBURY, William Wallace (1823 — ). A Presbyterian divine, born at Newark, X. J. He graduated at Yale College in 1843 and at Yale Theological Seminary in 1847. He organized and was pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Lansing. Mich., from 1848 to 1854, and at Madison, Ind., from 1854 to I80C. In 1869 he became secretary of the New York Sab- bath Committee. He is the author of numerous documents, speeches, and reports, and has been active in the cause of Sunday observance.

ATTERSEE, iit'ter-za, or KAMMERSEE, kilm'mer-z,a. A lake in the southwestern part of Upper Austria, situated in longitude 13° 30' E., about 1500 feet above the sea. It is over II miles long, from one to two miles in breadth, and occupies an area of 17 square miles. It is surrounded by mountains, and the scenery is re- markable for its picturesquencss. A number of health resorts are situated on the shore. The lake is well stocked with fish. It has been navi- gated by steamers since 1869.

ATTESTA'TION (Lat. ad, to + testis, a witness). The verification in writing of the execution of deeds and wills by witnesses. Hence the clause at the end of these instruments, which immediately precedes the signatures of the wit- nesses, is called the attestation clause. See Deed; Will; Aitness.

ATT'FIELD, John (1835—). An Eng- lish cliemist, born in Hertfordshire. He was professor of practical chemistry to the Phar- maceutical Society from 18G2 to' 1896. He con- tributed numerous articles on chemical topics to Brniidc's Dictionary and to the English Cyclo- pwdia;' was co-editor of the British Pharmaco- pccia in 1885 and editor in 1898; he is the author of A Mnnunl of Chemistry, Oeneral, Medi- cal, and Pharmaceutical (1898) and a large number of scientific papers.

AT'TIC (originally, in the chaste Attic style). A term in a rclii lecture, employed to des- ignate a low story rising above the wall cornice that terminates the main elevation of ,a build- ing, or a low story at the top of a building; in domestic architecture, it is usually applied to sky-lighted rooms in the roof. In classic archi-

ATTIC OF THE TEMPOBABY DEWEY ABCH, NEW YOBK.

teeture, it designates a decorative story above an entablature, as in the case of Roman tri- umphal arches, where the dedicatory inscription was in the centre of the attic.

ATTIC. Pertaining to Attica, characteristic of the people of Athens, or Attica. From the preeminence of Athens in Greek literature, from the Fifth Century B.C., the Attic dialect became the usual literary language, and exercised a pow- erful inrtuence in the Koivi}, koine, or 'common' form of Greek, which developed after the time of Alexander the Great. In the First and Sec- ond centuries a.d. a revival of Attic took place among the so-called Atticists, of whom Dionysius of Halicamassus and Lucian are conspicuous representatives. The tragedians, and perhaps Thueydides, seem to preserve traces of a some- what older form of Attic dialect than that used by writers of the Fourth Century B.C. Sopho- cles was called 'the Attic bee,' from the sweet- ness of his compositions; the nightingale was the 'Attic bird,' because Philomel was the daughter of a king of Athens; Xenophon was styled the 'Attic muse' for eloquence in com- position. 'Attic salt' indicates pungency of wit.

AT'TICA (Gk. 'Attik^, Attike, earlier, 'Aktik^, Aktike, from d/tr^, akte, headland', promontory, coastland ) . The eastern extremity of the mainland of Greece. It forms a triangu- lar peninsula extending to the southeast into the Æegean Sea, washed on the southwest by the Saronic Gulf, and on the northeast bv the strait separating it from Euboea. On the "north it is separated from Bteotia by Jlount Cithajron ( 4620 feet) and its eastern continuation, and on the west from Megaris by a low range of hills. The soil of Attica is poor and the supply of water scanty, while the character of the coast tended to attract the inhabitants to the sea. But though Attica was always dependent on imported grain, the natural resources were considerable. Mount Pentelicon yielded an abundant supply of fine white marble, and the silver mines of Laurium, at the southern end of the peninsula.