England with Dr. John Hunter. Earl}' in 1776 he returned to the United States as staff surgeon to Sir Guy Carleton. He lectured on surgery, and published a work on croup, introducing a new and valuable method of treating that disease. In 1702 lie became professor of anatomy and surgery in Columbia College. He was the first health officer of the port of New York, and as such originated New York's quarantine laws.
BAY'LISS, Sir Wtoe (1835—). An English
artist. He was born at Madeley, and received
his art education at the Royal Academy. He
is known almost entirely through his tine in-
teriors of cathedrals and churches, frequently
exhibited in America, of which the most famous
are: "La Sainte Chapelle" {Royal Academy,
1865) ; "Saint Mark's, Venice" (Nottingham,
1880); "Saint Peter's, Rome" (1888); "The
Golden Duomo" (Pisa, 1892). He became presi-
dent of the Royal Society of British Artists in
1888. His publications include: The Witness
of Art { 1876) ; The Higher Life in Art ( 1879) ;
The Elements of Aerial Perspective (1855) ; and
he edited Thomas Heaphy's Likeness of Christ
(1881).
BAYLOR, Frances Coi-ktenay (1848—).
An American novelist, born at Fayetteville,
Ark. Being of Virginian parentage, she has re-
sided chiefly at Winchester, Va., and since her
marriage to Mr. G. S. Barnum at Savannah, Ga.
She first attracted attention by two short stories.
The Perfeet Treasure and On This Side, pub-
lished together under the title On. liotli ,Si<l<s
(1886). Among her other novels are Claudia
Hyde (1894) and The Ladder of Fortune (1899).
Juan and Juanita (1897) is juvenile.
BAYLOR, Robert Emmet Bledsoe (1793-
1874). An American jurist, born in Lincoln
County, Kentucky. After serving in the War of
1812. he began the practice of law in Kentucky,
but afterwards removed to Alabama; was a
member of Congress from that State from 1829
to 1831, and participated in the Creek War as
commander of a volunteer regiment. He after-
wards removed to Texas, where he became one
of the foremost advocates of the annexation of
that republic to the United States, and was a
member of the First Constitutional Convention.
He subsequently served as a district judge for
twenty-five j'ears. A Baptist college, chartered
in 1845 by the Congress of Texas, received the
name of Baylor University, in recognition of
the liberal donation bestowed upon it by Judge
Baylor.
BAYLOR U'NIVER'SITY. A Baptist edu-
cational institution. It was chartered in 1845,
and was formerly situated at Inde])end('ni^e, Tex.,
hut removed in 1882 to Waco, in the same State.
Its endowment in 1901 was $350,000, and its
library contained 10.000 volumes. At the saine
time the faculty numbered 39, and the students
747. including preparatory pupils.
BAYLY, ba'li, Ada Ellen. See Ltall, Edna,
BAYLY, Lewis ( — ?1031). Bishop of Ban-
gor, Wales. He was a native Welshman ; was
edue.nted at Oxford, and enjoyed favor at Court,
but later lost it because of his Puritan sympa-
tliies. He is now remembered only as the
avithor of the Praetiee of Piety, the most popular
religious book until Bun3'an's work appeared.
Besides numerous editions of the original work.
translations appeared in Welsh, French, German,
Polish, and Romansch. John Eliot translated
it into the Indian language as an aid in his mis-
sion work. Bunyan attributed his first re-
ligious awakening to the reading of this book.
BAYLY, Thomas Haynes (1797-1839). An
English poet. He was intended for holy orders,
and educated at Oxford; he inherited a large for-
tune, but lost it, and in 1831 began to write
songs for music, and, with Henry Bishop, pub-
lished Melodies of Various Xations. Within a
few years he wrote thirty-si.x dramatic pieces,
a number of stories, and hundreds of songs.
Some of the more popular were : "The Sol-
dier's Tear;" "Why Don't the Men Propose?"
"We Met, 'Twas in a Crowd;" "I'd Be a Butter-
fly," etc. His best farce is Perfection. His fiction
is represented by The Aylmers, a novel in 3 vols.,
and Kindness in Women, a collection of tales.
Consult his Works, with memoir (London,
1844).
BAYNE, b.=in, Peter (1830-96). A Scottish
author. He was educated in Marischal College,
Aberdeen: studied theology at Edinburgh, and
philosophy under Sir William Hamilton. He
wrote criticisms on Alison, De Quincey, Hugh
Miller, and others. In 1855 he published The
Christian Life, Social and Individual, which was
followed in 1859 by Essays Biographical, Critical,
etc. He was editor of the Glasgow Common-
wealth, Edinburgh Witness, and London Dial^
and an associate editor of the Christian World,
Among his other works are Testimony of Christ
to Christianity (1862); The Days of Jezebel
(1872) ; a historical drama; and Life of Luther
(1887). He died in London, February 10,
1896.
BAYNES, banz,. Thomas Spencer (1823-87).
An English writer on ])hilosophy. He was born
at Wellington, England; was educated at Bris-
tol College and Edinburgh University and be-
came assistant to Sir William Hamilton at the
latter institution. He published an Essay on
the A'fiP Analysis of Logical Forms (1852), an
exposition of Hamilton's Qualification of the
Predicate. From 1857 to 1863 he was one of the
examiners for the University of London, and as-
sistant editor of the Daily News. In 1864 he
became professor of logic, rhetoric, and meta-
physics in the University of Saint Andrews,
where he remained till his death. He wrote
much for the Edinburgh and other reviews and
magazines, and was editor of the ninth edition of
the EncyclopcFdia Britannica.
BAY OF IS'LANDS. ( 1 ) A bay on the north-
east coast of North Island, New Zealand, in lati-
tude 35° 14' S., longitude 174° 11' E. (Map:
New Zealand, El). (2) A bay on the western
coast of Newfoundland, studded with many beau-
tiful islands, with fisheries, timber, and deposits
of marble and gypsum (Map: Newfoundland,
B 3).
BAYOMBONG, bi'yom-bong'. The capital of
tlie Province of Nueva Vizcaya, on the Island of
Luzon, Philippines (Map: Philippine Island.s,
F 3). The town is situated on the Magat River,
166 miles north of JIanila, and is the centre of a
fertile district, producing rice and tobacco. Popu-
lation, 3691.
BAY'ONET (Fr. baionnetfc, hayonnette. first made in Bayonne, France). A short, dagger-like
