ionablc English society in the Eighteenth Century. The story was dramatized in 1901.
BEAUCHAMP, bu'shiix', Alpuonse de ( 1707-
1832). A French historian and publicist. He
was born at ilonaco; received his education ill
Paris, and entered the Sardinian military ser-
vice. In 1792 he suffered imprisonment for
refusing to bear arms against his country, but
escaped to France, and under the Directory ob-
tained a situation in the ofHce of the Minister
of Police, anil had the surveillance of the press,
here he commenced his Uistuiie de la Vendee
et des Chouwns (3 vols., Paris, 180(j), which de-
picted the cruelties of the Fouche regime. As
this work displeased the Emperor, Beauchamp
was banished to Rheims, but he was recalled in
1811, and again received a subordinate appoint-
ment. Under the Restoration, he received a pen-
sion and wrote for the Monitetir and tlie Gazette
de France. Among his works are the Histoire du
Brc.iil (Paris, 1815) ; Histoire du Pcrou (Paris,
1807); Vie de Jules Cesar (Paris, 1821); Vie
de Louis XVlll. (Paris, 1821). The Memoires
of Fouche (Paris, 1828-29) have also been
ascribed to him.
BEAUCHAMP, Richard de. See Waewick,
Richard de.
BEAUCHAMP, bech'«m, William Martin
(1830 — ). An American ethnologist and clergy-
man, born in Coldenhani, Orange County, N. Y.
He graduated at the DeLaney Divinity Scliool,
and from 1S6.5 to 1900 was rector of Grace Epis-
copal Church in Baldwinsville, N. Y. In 1886
he was made examining chaplain for the diocese
of Central New York. He has made much val-
uable archaeological research, particularly con-
cerning the Iroquois Indians, and has a large col-
lection of Indian relics. He was detailed in 1889
by the United States Bureau of Ethnology to sur-
vey the Iroquois territory in New York and
Canada, and prepared a map which indicates
the location of all the known Indian sites in that
region. An enlargement of this map was pub-
lished in his Aboriginal Occupation of New York
(1900). His other works are: The Iroquois
Trail (1892); Indian Names in New York
(1893); Ahorif/inal Chipped iSltone Implements
of New York (1897) ; Earthenware of the New
York Ahorigines (1900); Wampum and fihell
Articles Used by the Neai York Indians (1901) ;
and Bone and [lorn Articles Used by the New
York Indians (1902).
BEAUCHAMPE, or TiiE Kentucky Trage-
dy. A sequel to William Gilmore Simms's
Charlemont (1842).
BEAUCLERK, boT^liirk, Topham (1739-80).
A gentleman who figures in Boswell's Johnson
as the intimate and friend of the lexicog-
rapher. He Avas the only son of Lord Sydney
Beauelerk. During his friend's last illness John-
son said he would "walk to the extent of the
diameter of the earth to save Beauelerk," and
after his death wrote to Boswell: "Poor dear
Beauelerk. . . . His wit and his folly, his
acuteness and maliciousness, his merriment and
reasoning, are now over. Such another will not
often be found among mankind." In 1768 Beau-
clerk married Diana, daughter of the second
Duke of Marlborough, two days after her divorce
from Lord Bolingbroke. See G. Birkbeck Hill,
Dr. Johnson, Eis Friends and Bis Critics { 1878).
BEAUFORT, bo'fert. A town, seaport, and
the county-seat of Carteret County, N. C, at
the mouth of Newport River, 145 miles southeast
of Raleigh ; reached by the Atlantic and North
Carolina Railroad (Map: North Carolina, F 3).
It is of increasing popularity as a summer re-
sort, and has a good harbor, the entrance to
which is protected by Fort Macon. Its principal industries are fishing, and the manufacture of oil and scrap. Population, in 1890, 2007; in 1900, 2193.
BEAUFORT, bu'fert. A towii and county-
seat of Beaufort County, S. C, on an inlet known
as the Beaufort River, which connects with Port
Royal Sound, one of the finest harbors in the
State (Map: South Carolina, D 4). It is equi-
distant by rail from Charleston, S. C, and Sa-
vannah, Ga. Beaufort is famous for the pro-
duction of long-staple, or sea-island, cotton, is
a centre of the phosphate and fertilizer tra'de,
and has large exports also of cotton, lumber, rice,
and sw-eet potatoes. It contains a national
cemetery. Beaufort was first incorporated in
1803, and at present is governed under a charter
of 1892 by an executive, 'intendant,' who is
elected every two j'ears, and a town council.
Population, in 1890, 3587; in 1900, 4110.
Founded in 1711, Beaufort is. next to Charles- ton, the oldest settlement in the State. Near here, in 1064, French Huguenots under Captain Rilmult built a fort, which in 1005 was taken by the Spanish under ilenendez, who massacred all the garrison. In 1080 Lord Cardross at- tempted to found a town here, but his settlement was immediately broken up by the Sjjanish from Saint Augustine. The place was very prominent throughout the colonial history of the State, and for some years before the Civil War was a popu- lar health resort for Southern planters. Near here, on February 9, 1779, an American force under General Moultrie defeated a detachment of English troops under Prevost. Consult: Park- man, Pioneers of France in. the New World (Boston, 1805). and references in McCready, History of South Carolina.
BEAUFORT, bo'for',François de Vendôme,
Due de (1010-09). A French naval officer, the grandson of Henry IV. He was a conspirator with Cinq-ilars against Richelieu, and fled for safety to England. Under Louis XIV. he was in a conspiracy against Mazarin, and was imprisoned. He escaped in 1048, became a leader of the Frondeurs, and was the idol of the Parisian populace, who called him 'King of the Markets,' on account of the coarseness of his language. He killed the Duke of Nemours, his brother-in-law, in a duel; afterwards made his peace with the Court, and was appointed to command the navy. In 1004 and 1065 he defeated the African corsairs, and in 1666 led the fleet which was to aid the Dutch against England. He was killed in 1669 while assisting the Venetians, who were besieged by the Turks in Candia.
BEAUFORT, bu'fert or bo'fert, Henry ( ? - 1447). An English cardinal. He was an illegitimate son of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, and was educated and spent most of his youth at Aix-la-Chapelle. After holding various offices in England, he became Bishop of Lincoln in 1398, and chancellor of the University of Oxford in 1399. After his half-brother, Henry IV., became
