ricli agricultural district on the railroad 40 miles south of Santiago (Jlap: Chile, C 10). In 1814 it vas the scene of an important battle in which the patriot forces were defeated by the Spaniards. Population, in 1895, 0700.
RANCE, rilK'su', Domixique Aemand .Teais"
Leboutiiillier DE ( lOiO-lTOO ) . The founder of
the reformed order of La Trappe. (See Trap-
PI.STS.) He was born in Paris January 9, 1G20,
and educated there. Having taken his degree in
the Sorbonne, he soon became distinguished as a
preacher, and through the favor of Cardinal
Kichelieu obtained more than one valuable bene-
fice. He succeeded while yet a young man to
a large fortune, and lived a careless and irreg-
ular life. After a time, however, having
forfeited the favor of Cardinal Mazarin. and
deeply moved by the sudden death of the Ducliess
de Jlonlbazon, to wliom he was much attached,
he resigned all his preferments with the excep-
tion of the abbacy of La Trappe, in Nor-
mandy, to which he retired in 1662, with
the intention of restoring the strict disci-
pline of the Order. He lived in this seclusion
for the rest of his life, and published a large
number of works, chiefly ascetical. The only
remarkable event of liis literary life was his
controversy with ilabillon. in rei)ly to his Etudes
monastiques, on the subject of the studies projier
for the monastic life. He also wrote De la sciin-
tetc ct (Ics devoirs de Id vie monastiriiie (108.3;
Eng. trans., A Treatise on ihe Hanctitij and on
the Dutiesiof the Monastic State, Dublin. 1830).
In his youth he had edited the works of Ana-
ereon, with translation and notes (1030), and
dedicated the book to Cardinal Richelieu. He
died at La Trappe, October 27, 1700. iligne re-
printed his CEiirres oraloires. Consult his Life
bv C. Butler (London, 1814), and by Dubois
(Paris, 1866).
RAND. A popular designation for the gold-
bearing Witwatersrand (q.v.) reef in the Trans-
vaal Colony, South Africa.
RANDA, ran'da, AxTOX (1834—). An Aus-
trian jurist, born at Bistritz. He studied law
at Prague, where he afterwards became iirofessor
of Austrian civil law. In 1881 he was appointed
life memlier of the Austrian House of Peers, and
soon afterwards he was made a member of the
Imperial Court of .Tustice. He is considered one
of the highest anthorities on Austrian civil law.
His publications include Der Besitz nach ostcr-
reichischem Reehle (186.5-95), which is his chief
work, and Der Eriverh der Erbschaft (1867).
RAN'DALL, Alexander Williams (1810-
72). An American public official, born in
Ames, N. Y. He was admitted to the bar. and in
1840 began practice in Waukesha, Wisconsin. In
1855 he was elected to the State Legislature, in
the same year was appointed a jiidge of the
Circuit Coiirt, and in 1857 and 1859 was elected
Ciovernor of Wisconsin. In 1861 he was ap-
pointed by President Lincoln United States
]linister to Italy, and upon his return in 1802
became First Assistant Postmaster-General. From
1860 to 1869 he was Postmaster-General.
RANDALL, James Ryder (1839—). An
American poet and Journalist, born in Baltimore,
Maryland, .January 1. 1839. After being edu-
cated at Georgetown College where, on account
of ill health, he did not graduate, he spent some
time traveling in South America, but he returned
to the United States and began newspaper work
in Louisiana before the beginning of the Civil
War. The news of the fighting in Baltimore
when the Massacliusetts troops passed tlirough
the city inspired him to write his famous "Mary-
land, My Jlaryland," which was at once set to
nnisic and with "Dixie" became the most popular
of Confederate songs. For sheer poetic merit it
is thouglit b}' some to be the best martial lyric
composed by any American. IMr. Randall wrote
other war lyrics, some of which are good, but
his fame rests upon the poem that first made
him famous. At the close of the war he became
an active journalist and was for many years
editor of The Constitutionalist of Augusta, Geor-
gia.
RANDALL, Samuel Jack.son (1828-90).
An American political leader and legislator,
Speaker of the National House.- of Representa-
tives from 1876 to 1881. He was the son of .losiah
Randall, a prominent lawyer of Philadelphia,
where he was born. There lie was educated at
the L'niversity Academy. He early became prom-
inent in the" Whig Party, on the break-up of
wliicii both he and liis father joined the Demo-
cratic Party. In 1858 he was elected a member
of the State Senate. At the outbreak of the"
Civil War he went to the front with the ninety-
day men as a private in the First Philadelphia
City Troop. At the time of Lee's invasion of
Pennsylvania in 1863, he recruited a company of
which he became captain, and served also as a
provost marshal. In November. 1862, he was
chosen as a Democrat to represent the First
Pennsylvania District in Congress, to which lie
was thirteen times successively reelected. In the
Forty-third Congress (1873-75) he was placed
on tile Committee on Rules with Blaine. Banks,
Garfield, and Cox, and by directing the Demo-
cratic opposition to the 'Force Bill' won general
recognition as the leader of his party in the
House. At the opening of the Forty-fourtli Con-
gress he was appointed chairman of the Commit-
tee on Appropriations. In December, 1876, hej
was elected to succeed Speaker Kerr, who hadj
died during the recess of Congress, and thus
was called upon to preside during the exciting
and critical period of the disputed Hayes-Tilden
election. He was reelected Speaker of the Forty-
fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses (1877-81).
After about 1883 Randall became the leader of
a small group of Democrat protectionists wlio con-
sistently opposed all attempts at tariff reform.
At the Democratic national convention of 1880
he received .I28I2 votes on the second ballot for
the nomination to the Presidency. With his
Pennsylvanian constituents his influence an<l pop-
ularity remained strong to the last, and in his
last two elections to Congress he was unopposed
by the Republicans.
RANDAZZO, ran-diit'so. A town in the
Province of Catania, Sicily, situated on the north-
ern slope of Mount Etna,' 26 miles by rail north-
northwest of Catania (Map: Italy, J 10). There
is trade in wine, oil, and cheese. Population
(eommuno), in 1901, 11.798.
RANDEGGER, riin'deg-ger. Alberto (1832— ). An Austrian-English composer, born at Triest. He was a pupil of Lafont in piano, and of Luigi Ricci in composition, and with two other young composers, produced two ballets
