they form but a small percentage of those who might follow
such an example but who do not. The constant hammering of
three hundred years of oppression has resulted in a race consciousness among the Negroes of the United States which is
amazing to those who know how powerful it is. In America,
as is well known, all persons with any discernible percentage of
Negro blood are classed as Negroes, subject therefore to all of
the manifestations of prejudice. They are never allowed to
forget their race. By prejudice ranging from the more violent
forms like lynching and other forms of physical violence down
to more subtle but none the less effective methods, Negroes
of the United States have been welded into a homogeneity of
thought and a commonness of purpose in combating a common
foe. These external and internal forces have gradually created a state of mind among Negroes which is rapidly becoming more pronounced where they realize that just so long as
one Negro can be made the victim of prejudice because he is
a Negro, no other Negro is safe from that same oppression.
This applies geographically, as is seen in the support given by
colored people in cities like Boston, New York and Chicago
to those who oppose lynching of Negroes in the South, and it
applies to that large element of colored people whose skins
are lighter who realize that their cause is common with that of
all Negroes regardless of color.
Unfortunately, however, color prejudice creates certain attitudes of mind on the part of some colored people which form color lines within the color line. Living in an atmosphere where swarthiness of skin brings, almost automatically, denial of opportunity, it is as inevitable as it is regrettable that there should grow up among Negroes themselves distinctions based on skin color and hair texture. There are many places where this pernicious custom is more powerful than in New York--for example, there are cities where only mulattoes attend certain churches while those whose skins are dark brown or black attend others. Marriages between colored men and women whose skins differ markedly in color, and indeed, less intimate relations are frowned upon. Since those of lighter color could more often secure the better jobs an even wider
