- 8. in establishing & regulating the post office
- 9. in the admission of new States into the Union
- 10. in establishing rules for the government of the Militia
- 11. in raising a regular army
- 12. in the appointment of the Executive
- 13. in fixing the seat of Government
That in all other cases the right of suffrage be proportioned according to an equitable rule of representation.
2. that for the determination of certain important questions in the 2d branch, a greater number of votes than a mere majority be requisite
3. that the people of each State ought to retain the perfect right of adopting from time to time such forms of republican Government as to them may seem best, and of making all laws not contrary to the articles of Union; subject to the supremacy of the General Government in those instances only in which that supremacy shall be expressly declared by the articles of the Union.
4. That altho’ every negative given to the law of a particular State shall prevent its operation, any State may appeal to the national Judiciary against a negative; and that such negative if adjudged to be contrary to the power granted by the articles of the Union, shall be void
5. that any individual conceiving himself injured or oppressed by the partiality or injustice of a law of any particular State may resort to the National Judiciary, who may adjudge such law to be void, if found contrary to the principles of equity and justice.
LIX. George Washington to Alexander Hamilton.[1]
Philadelphia 10th. July 87.
I thank you for your communication of the 3d.—When I refer you to the state of the Councils which prevailed at the period you left this City—and add, that they are now, if possible, in a worse train than ever; you will find but little ground on which the hope of a good establishment can be formed.—In a word, I almost despair of seeing a favourable issue to the proceedings of the Convention, and do therefore repent having had any agency in the business.
The Men who oppose a strong & energetic government are, in my opinion, narrow minded politicians, or are under the influence of local views.—The apprehension expressed by them that the people will not accede to the form proposed is the ostensible, not the real cause of the opposition—but admitting that the present senti-
- ↑ Documentary History of the Constitution, IV, 235–236.
