Page:The Termination -κός, as used by Aristophanes for Comic Effect.djvu/16

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442
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGY.

(λάρυγξ for φάρυγξ 'gullet'), and τριβωνικῶς Ar. Vesp. 1132 (in so far as it refers to τρίβων 'an old cloak'), all deal with domestic matters.

ἐριοπωλικῶς Ran. 1386 (ἐριοπώλης), καπηλικῶς Pl. 1063 (κάπηλος), δημιουργικῶς Pac. 429 (δηιμουργός), ἀνδραποδιστικῶς Eupol. 396 (ἀνδραποδιστής), σκυτοτομικός Ar. Eccl. 432 (σκυτοτόμος). As those engaged in trade were not highly esteemed, the words to which the -κός termination is here added do not stand on a high level.

Such comic coinages as πολεμολαμαχαϊκός and κομψευριπικῶς are ill-adapted to have the serious suffix -κός.


Adjectives in -κός Derived from Proper Names.

These in the main denote things rather than persons. There are a dozen exceptions in the extant literature before Aristophanes. This number does not include the Persian word Δροπικοί (Hdt. I 125) nor the Italic 'orfpiKoi (I 94; IV 49), nor the neuter ἀνδράποδα Ὑκκαρικά (Thuc. VII, 13, 2), since no other adjective with a neuter form was available; nor does it embrace a long list of adjj. in -κός modifying such collective nouns as γένος, ἔθνος, λεώς, στράτευμα, or used in the neuter with the article in the sense of a collective. The exceptions follow: Ζεῦ Πελασγικέ Hom. Il. XVI 233—"no approach here to the later meaning of the suffix" (Monro); ἀνάκτων Τρωικῶν [Eur.] Rhes. 738—a Homeric reminiscence; κοιράνοισι Πυθικοῖς Eur. Ion. 1219, μάντεσιν Πυθικοῖς Andr. 1103—the epithet Πύθιος belongs to Apollo, cf. Aesch. Ag. 509, Cho. 1030; Λιβυστικαῖς γυμαιξίν[1] Aesch. Suppl. 279, τόνδ᾽ Ἀχαϊκὸν λάτριν Eur. Tro. 707—cf. Dittenberger, Hermes XLII 31 sq., 161 sq.; Ἀττικὰς θεραπαῖνας Hdt. III 134—Ἀττική is the correct form of the feminine of Ἀθηναῖος, cf. Eustath. on Hom. Il., p. 84, 12, and Hermes XLII 10 sq.; τῶν ἄλλων Ἑλληνικῶν τυράννων Hdt. III 125, τῶν στρατηγῶν τῶν Περσικῶν IX 102—cf. Hermes XLII 20; Ἑλληνικοὶ θεοί Hdt. IV 108—'Greek-like' rather than 'Greek', i. e. 'having the attributes and qualities of the Greek gods' without being distinctly and wholly Greek;[2] Ἀττικός Solon 2 (Bergk)—used in place of Ἀθηναῖος for the sake of the sneer; and Ἀττικοί Alcae. 32 expresses perhaps the same contempt, but the text is uncertain.

  1. Cf. Λιβύσσας γυναικός Pind. P. IX 182.
  2. Cf. θεοὶ οἱ Ἑλλήνιοι Hdt. V 49 and 92 fin., Ζεὺς Ἑλλήνιος Hdt. IX 7, Ar. Eq. 1253, πατὴρ Ἑλλάνιος Pind. N. V 10, and Ἀϑηνᾶ Ἑλληνία Aristot. Mirab Ausc. 108.