�COPTHORNE HUNDRED
��There is a Wesleyan chapel and hall, a Baptist chapel, and a Congregational chapel, which was built in 1 844, but represents an older congregation.
The Victoria Memorial Cottage Hospital was built in 1903.
Mr. John Lucas, by will, endowed a school with $oo in 1797. The Highlands Road School (National) was built by subscription in 18378. It is now used as the boys' school. The girls' school in Poplar Road was built in 1883. Fairfield Road (infants) is on a site given to the vicar and churchwardens by Mr. John Henderson of Randalls Park; and All Saints', Kingston Road (infants), was built when the chapel of ease was built. The schools were regulated under a scheme of the Charity Commissioners in 1873.
The earliest mention of Letherhead MANORS occurs in the will of King Alfred, who bequeathed land at ' Leodrian ' to his son Edward," but it is uncertain with which part of the Letherhead land mentioned in Domesday this is connected.
The Bishop of Bayeux was overlord of the manor of PACHESHAM, later called MAGNA PACHE- FESHAM, in Letherhead, at the time of the Domesday Survey. 1 * Hugh held Pachevesham under the bishop. His holding was that which had belonged to ./Elmer under the Confessor." A certain Baingiard also held part of Pachevesham, that which ^Elmer had held of King Harold. Both owned moieties of mills. 15 Subsequently (probably when Odo's lands were forfeited to William II) Pachevesham came into the king's hands. In 1203 King John granted 60 soli- dates and 2 denariates of land in Letherhead to Brian de Therfield for rent of a sparrowhawk. 16 In the reign of Henry III the royal estate seems to have been held for three serjeanties. William Frankelen then held certain land by finding a hall for the county court, then held in Letherhead. Walter le Hore held land by finding a prison for prisoners taken at the sheriff's tourn, and William de Oxencroft " held his land by finding a pound for cattle taken for the king's debt. 18 The whole of the land held by the serjeanties and the sparrowhawk passed to Walter de Thorp. 19 He subinfeudated to Eustace de Hacche, who held the manor in 1 2923,* when he was accused before the justices itinerant of seizing upon horses and carts that did not belong to him in Kingston market- place, for carrying timber to his ' manor of Pacheves- ham.' " He made a warren in Pachevesham." He also appears to have acquired a rent a of I o/. which King Richard granted to William d'Eyo,* 4 afterwards held by Eustace d'Eyo " and Matthew Besill.* 6
��LETHERHfficAD
The next lord of Pachevesham of whom there seems to be any record was the favourite of Edward II Piers Gaveston. To him free warren in his lands in Pachevesham was granted by Edward in the year he came to the throne. On Gaveston's marriage with Margaret sister of the Earl of Gloucester, 17 two years later, the king confirmed Gaveston's grant of Pachevesham to Robert Darcy and Joan his wife. 13 Charters of Edward III gave to Darcy free warren, 19 view of frankpledge, 30 a weekly market on Fridays, and a yearly fair upon the festival of St. Peter ad Vincula at Letherhead. 31 Dying in 1343, Robert Darcy left a daughter Margaret, 3 * who married Sir John Argentine or Argentham, 3 * who held the manor in 1347." He died in 1 382-3, 35 leaving three co- heirs, two grandchildren, and his daughter Maud, the wife of Sir Ivo Fitz Warin, kt., who held the manor in his wife's right until his death in l^l^.. 3 * They left a daughter Eleanor, who had married John Chideok." She presumably alienated the manor, since William Massey 38 seems to have been lord of Pachevesham in 1420, and Eleanor Chideok did not die till I433-* 9
Possibly William Massey left co-heirs, for it seems that John Bacon and Reginald Rakett owned, in right of their wives, Dorothy and Joan, three parts of the manor of Magna Pachevesham in 1538, which they conveyed by fine to Thomas Stydolf, who left it in 1545 to his son John.* There exists an account of the boundaries of part of the manor at this time.' 1 The lane called ' Bygnallane,' the regia via from Great Bockham to Kingston, appears to have formed a boundary. This is the road that runs from Bookham, over Hawks Hill, through Letherhead, and on to Kingston. Probably the Letherhead part of the road was ' Bygnallane.' Following the same boundaries that divided the parishes of Letherhead and Stoke d'Abernon, the manor stretched to places named ' Page Grene,' ' Charlewood Corner,' ' Horns- hyll,' and ' Ravennest,' and so to where the ditch divided Pachevesham Common from the common of Chessington. It crossed the old highway from Dorking to Kingston, reaching Ashtead Common and ' Asshested Crosse,' and so on to the ditch which severed Pachevesham Common from that of Thorncroft, another Letherhead manor. Thence it stretched to a bridge named ' Woodbrydge,' and so by copses to ' Bygnallane ' again. By this it seems that the manor comprised all the northern part of Letherhead parish, but did not extend south of the village.
Stydolf having three parts of the manor, there remained a fourth part, which was acquired by John
��Kemble, Codex Dipl.
18 V.C.H. Surr. i, 303.
14 Ibid. Ibid.
16 Chart. R. 5 John, m. 24. The same king also made a gift of 601. rent in Letherhead to Richard Lewer for rent of a sparrowhawk ; Testa de Nevill, 225.
V The name of Oxencroft survived for many years in a plot of land so called, which with land named Potesland escheated to the Crown, and was leased by Henry VII and Henry VIII to John Iwarby and Richard Hest and to Chris- topher Smyth for terms of years. It was granted by Edward VI to Sir William Sackville (see Fine R. 1 Hen. VII, m. n; 37 Hen. VIII, m. 16 ; and Pat. 7 Edw. VI, pt. xiii, m. 16). After this date there is no further trace of the serjeanties.
��Various overlords are afterwards men- tioned of Pachevesham : Hamo de Gatton before 1310, the Prior of Merton and Robert de Northwode, lord of Gatton in 1343. In 1509 the manor was said to be partly held of Merton and later of the Crown; Subs. R. Surr. bdle. 184, no. 4; Chan. Inq. p.m. 17 Edw. Ill (ist nos.), no. 54 ; (Ser. 2) xxiv, 46 ; 16 Hen. VIII, no. 40.
18 Blount, ' Tenures of Land and Customs of Manors,* fol. 191.
19 Assize R. 891.
- > Ibid. Ibid. M Ibid.
M Feet of F. Surr. Hil. 20 Edw. I. " Testa de Nevill (Rec. Com.), 225. 45 Ibid. 227. *> Assize R. 865.
V Chart. R. I Edw. II, no. 7.
- Pat. 3 Edw. II, m. 20.
295
��89 Chart. R. i Edw. Ill, no. 42.
Ibid. 2 Edw. Ill, no. 20.
81 Ibid. 5 Edw. Ill, no. 47.
a Chan. Inq. p.m. 17 Edw. Ill (ist nos.), no. 54.
88 Brayley and Britton, Hist, of Surr, iv, 427.
84 Chan. Inq. p.m. 21 Edw. Ill (2nd nos.), no. 48.
8i Ibid. 6 Ric. II, no. 5.
88 Ibid. 2 Hen. V, no. 38. The extent of the manor then comprised a house iind dovecote, 200 acres of arable land, 12 acres of meadow, 4 acres of pasture, 20 acres of wood, and a water-mill.
8 ? Ibid. 88 Add. Chart. 27759.
- Chan. Inq. p.m. 12 Hen. VI, no. 38.
40 Ibid. 37 Hen. VIII, no. 89.
Ibid.
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