X 108 STAT. 464 PUBLIC LAW 103-236—APR. 30, 1994 "(1) the alleged offender is a national of the United States; or "(2) the alleged offender is present in the United States, irrespective of the nationality of the victim or alleged offender. 'SEC. 2340B. EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES. "Nothing in this chapter shall be construed as precluding the application of State or local laws on the same subject, nor shall anything in this chapter be construed as creating any substantive or procedural right enforceable by law by any party in any civil proceeding.". (b) TECHNICAL AMENDMENT. —The part analysis for part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to chapter 113A the following new item: «1 I3B. Torture 2340.". (c) EFFECTIVE DATE.— The amendments made by this section shall take effect on the later of— (1) the date of enactment of this Act; or (2) the date on which the United States has become a party to the Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. SEC 507. UNITED STATES POLICY CONCERNING IRAQ. (a) PouCY. — It is the sense of the Congress that the President should— (1) take steps to encourage the United Nations Security Council— (A) to reaffirm support for the protection of all Iraqi Kurdish and other minorities pursuant to Security Council Resolution 688; (B) to maintain the United Nations embargo on the Iraqi regime until Iraq complies with all relevant Security Council resolutions; (C) to consider lifting selectively the United Nations embargo on the areas under the administration of the democratically-elected leadership of Iraqi Kurdistan, subject to the verifiable conditions that— (i) the inhabitants of such areas do not conduct trade with the Iraqi regime, and (ii) the partial lifting of the embargo will not materially assist the Iraqi regime; (D) to consider extending international protection, including the establishment of a safe haven, to the marsh Arabs in southern Iraq; and (E) to pursue international judgments against Iraqi officials responsible for war crimes and crimes against humanity, based upon documentary evidence obtained from Iraqi and other sources; (2) continue to advocate the maintenance of Iraq's territorial integrity and the transition to a unified, democratic Iraq; (3) take steps to encourage the provision of humanitarian assistance for the people fleeing from the marshes in southern Iraq; (4) design a multilateral assistance program for the people of Iraqi Kurdistan to support their drive for self-sufficiency; and
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