CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES- 1787. 31 ARTICLE XIV. Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof. are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property. without due process of law: nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. _ Sscrros :2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice President of the United States. Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial otncers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof. is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States. or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shal be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty~one years of age in such State. Srzcrms 3. Noiperson shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice resident, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who,’having previously taken an oath. as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State legislature or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two·thirds of each House, remove such disability. Sscrrox -1. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in sngipressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United tates nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States. or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void. SECri0N 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article. Crandall v. The State of Nevada, 6 Wall., 35; Paul r. Virginia, S Wall., 168; Ward 1:. Maryland, 12 Wall., 418; Slaughter-house Cases, 16 Wall., 36; Bradwell r. The State, 16 Wall., 130; Bartemeyer c. Iowa, 18 Wall., 129; Minor v. Ha persett, 21 Wall., 162; Walker 1·. Sauvinet, 92 U. S., 90; Kennard r. Louisiana, ex Morgan, 92 U. S., 480; United States r. Cruikshank, 92 L'. S., 542; Munn r. Illinois, 94 U. S., 113. The fourteenth amendment to the Constitution of the United States was proposed to the legislatures of the several States by the Thirty-ninth Congress, on the 16th of June, 1866. On the 21st of July, 1868, Congress adopted and transmitted to the Department of State a concurrent resolution, dec aringthat "the legislatures of the States of Connecticut, Tennessee, New Jersey, Oregon, ermont, New York, Ohio, Illinois, West Virginia, Kansas, Maine, Nevada, Missouri, Indiana, Minnesota, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Nebraska, Iowa, Arkansas, Florida, North Carolina, Alabama, South Carolina, and louisiana, being three-fourths and more of the several States of the Union, have ratified the fourteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States, duly [proposed by two-thirds of each House of the Thirty-ninth Congress: Therefore, Rua ucd, hat said fourteenth article is hereby declared to be a part of the Constitution of the United States, and it shall be duly promulgated as such by the Secretary of State." The Secreta of State accordingly issued a proclamation, dated the 28th of July, 1868, declaringltlnat the proposed fourteenth amendment had been ratified, in the manner hereafter mentioned, by the legislatures of thirty of the thirty-six States, viz: Connecticut, June 30, 1866; New Hampshire, July 7, 1866; Tennessee, July 19, 1866; New Jersey, Se tember 11, 1866, (and the legislature of the same State passed a resolution m April, 1868, to withdraw its consent to it;) Oregon, September 19, 1866; Vermont, November 9, 1866; Georgia rejected it November 13, 1866, and ratitied it July 21, 1868; North Carolina rejected it December 4, 1866, and ratifed it July 4, 1868; South Carolina rejected it December 20, 1866, and ratified it July 9, 1868; New York ratified it January 10, 1867; Ohio ratified it January 11, 1867, (and the legislature of the same State passed a resolution in January, 1868, to withdraw its consent to it;) Illinois ratified it January 15, 1867; West Vir 'nia, January 16, 1867; Kansas, January 18, 1867; Maine, January 19, 1867; Nevada, Enuary 22, 1867; Mimouri, January 26, 1867; Indiana, January)29, 1867; Minnesota, February 1, 1867; Rhode Island, Feb 7, 1867; Wisconsin, Fe ruary 13, 1867; Pennsylvania, February 13, 1867; Michigan, February 15, 1867; Massachusetts, March 20, 1867; Nebraska, June 15, 1867; Iowa, April 3, 1868; Arkansas, April 6, 1868; Florida, June 9, 1868; Louisiana, July 9, 1868; and Alabama, July 13, 1868. Georgia again ratiied the amendment February 2, 1870. Texas rejected it November l,` 1866 and ratified it February 18, 1870. Virginia rejected it January 19, 1867, and ratified October 8, 1869. The amendment was rejected by Kentucky January 10, 1867; b Delaware February 8, 1867; by Maryland March 23, 1867; and was not afterward ratified by either State.
