INSECTS
commonly in a Suffolk garden. R. haemorrhoidalis is rare, with Erloptera triv'talis at Exning ; I have taken E. favescens by the Gipping at Ipswich, E. lutea at Dunwich, and Curtis records E. fuicipennh from our county. Sythplecta sticitica, S. punctipennis, Ephelia marmorata and Dactylolabis Frauenfeldl are all uncommon, but several of the Limnophilae, such as L. dispar, ferruginea, ochracea^ and dhdcollh are common, though L. lineola is only reported from Exning in July. The winter gnats are of course abundant, and Trichocera hiemal'n and regelationh may often be seen dancing about bare hedges, with, in September, T. annulata. Ula pilosa and Amaloph immaculata are not common, but the large and handsome Pedicia rivosa, which was recorded from Lound Wood by Paget, is sometimes seen at Tuddenham, Hemley, and Foxhall. The crane flies are well repre- sented by eight species of Pachyrrhina, including the beautiful P.crocata from Whitton, and eighteen Tipulae, some of which, as T. nigra, signata, lutescem, and vittata, appear local ; Dictenidia bimaculata has been captured in Stanstead Wood in May. The last family of the Nematocera, the Rhyphidae, is abundant in Rhyphus fenestralis and R. punctatus.
The Brachycera have been much more carefully worked, and the first family, the Stratiomyidae, is somewhat fully represented. Pachygaster ater is often abundant on bracken at Foxhall, and I have once found P. Leachii at Farnham in July ; Nemotelus pantherinus and N. u/iginosus occur at Felix- stowe, the latter being widely distributed and recorded by Curtis from Thetford ; N. nigrinus has been noticed at Ipswich, Bramford, and Barton Mills. The pretty genus Oxycera is represented by 0. pygmaea at Tuddenham, O.formoia not uncommonly at Foxhall in August, O. pukhella taken here by PifFard, and 0. tril'tneata first noticed by Paget. Stratiomys potamida is found about Ipswich and Lowestoft, S. riparia not rarely on umbels at Felixstowe, Benacre, and South wold; S. furcata is common in the Broads, and I have taken one S. longicornn by a brackish ditch at Wherstead ; Odontomyia angulata is recorded by Verrall from Tuddenham, O. tigrina was once swept by me at Drinkstone, and O. v'lridula is everywhere abundant on the coast. The beautiful Chrysonotus hipunctaius has been captured at Foxhall, Great Glemham, and Tostock ; Sargus ^avipes occurs at Tostock and Lowestoft, S. cuprarius singly at Monk Soham and at Tostock, together with S. iridatus at the latter locality. Chloromyia formosa, Microchrysa polita and M. Jlavicornis are common, as also are Beris davipes, vallata, chalybeata, and Chorisops tibialis. Xylomyia marginata has occurred at Exning in September. One is not inordinately worried by the bellicose Tabanidae, if we except Heamatopota pluvialis ; H. crassicornis is distinctly rare at Brantham, Felixstowe, and Ipswich ; Therioplectes tropicus, as well as its variety bisignatus, attacks one in the woods at Bentley, Raydon, and Barton Mills, and T.solstitialis is not rare in the Broads. Paget records Atylotus Jiihius, under the name Tabanus alpinus, as having been rare at Belton Bog ; the only members of the latter genus at present found are T. autumnalis at Southwold and T. bromius at Felixstowe ; Chrysops relicta is even commoner with us than C. caecutiens. Some of the elegant Leptidae are abundant, especially Leptis scolopacea, which sits head downwards on tree-trunks, L. tringaria, L. lineola, and Chrysophilus auratus ; C. aureus is local at Tostock, Bentley Woods, and Bramford. The insecti- vorous Asilidae are common in June, Leptogaster cylindrica, Dioctria oelandica, rufipes, and Baumhaueri occurring everywhere, though D. atricapilla is local at Tostock and Wortham, and D.Jlavipes only met with in Assington Thicks. Isopogon brevirostris has occurred at Newmarket in July, and Tuck took Laphria marginata in the Bury district in August 1897 ; the handsome Asilus crabroniformis is widely distributed ; Philonicus albiceps occurs on the coast at Felixstowe and Corton ; Epitriptus cingulatus and Neoitamus cyanurus are common ; Machimus atricapillus has turned up in the Bentley Woods, &c. ; and Dysmachus trigonus is often abundant on the Lowestoft and Felixstowe denes, as well as at Brandon.
Of the hirsute Bombylidae Anthrax Paniscus is widely distributed but uncommon, and Curtis records A. hottentota (probably referable to the above species) among rushes near the sea-shore at Covehithe early in July 1822 ; he also gives us a long and interesting account of Phthiria pulicaria, which he first found in Britain in the same locality and presented to the British Museum. Bomby- lius discolor and B. major are common, but doubt exists as to the capture of B. minor by Mr. Tuck at Tostock in 1897, and perhaps fi. canescens, Mik., is the species inferred. The Therevidae comprise Thereva nobilitata, plehja, and bipunctata commonly, and the local T. annulata at Tostock, Barnham, Tuddenham Fen, and Brandon. Scenopinus fenestralis is found at Thetford, Tostock, Orwell, and Monk Soham ; and S. niger is said to have been taken at Tostock in May 1 898. I have only once met with the rare Omodes gibhosus at Barnby Broad in July ; and Acrocera globulus once on birch in Tuddenham Fen. Few species of the voraceous Empidae can be referred to, though both kinds of Hybos, ten of Rhamphomyia, and sixteen of Empis, have been noted ; of the latter we may mention Empis opaca at Tostock, E, nigritarsis at Wherstead, E. pennaria at Oulton, and E. pennipes in the Bentley Woods. Pachymeria femorata is common, and P. palparis has occurred in Barnby Broad ; Hilara ci/ipes, pilosa, maura, clypeata, and pinetorum can be instanced, with Ocydromia glabricula, Leptopeza flavipes, Clinocara stagnalis, two Trichinae, and Microphorus vetulinus. There is
an example of Ardoptera irrorata from Tuddenham, in the British Museum ; Lepidomyia melanocephala
