to the bread baked of corn mixed with them: such grain ought, therefore, to be employed in distilleries, or the manufacture of starch.
There is a variety of this species, which produces similar, but smaller seeds than the former, and exhibits a peculiar mode of vegetation, being found within the wheat-ear, one side of which is filled with good grain, and the other with a spurious one, produced by this weed. Hence, husbandmen have given it the significant name of ear-cockle. It is by no means so common as the former variety, but is generally attributed to bad husbandry, by which the land is exhausted of its nutritious qualities, and weakened to such a degree as to be prevented from bringing the wheat to perfection; because this plant is never found on lands that are well cultivated, and properly managed. It is eaten by horses, goats, and sheep.
Corn-flower. See Blue-bottle.
CORNEL-TREE, or Cornus, L. a genus of plants comprising six species, of which only two are indigenous.
1. The sanguinea, wild cornel-tree, or dog-wood, which is chiefly found in woods and hedges. It produces white flowers, which are in bloom in the month of June, and are succeeded by round berries. The wood of this species is hard and smooth, and is chiefly employed in turnery-ware. Its leaves change to a deep blood- colour in autumn. The berries are bitter, and dye purple: on account of their cooling and astringent nature, they are said to strengthen the stomach; stop fluxes of every kind, and to be very serviceable in fevers, especially if accompanied with a diarrhœa. From one bushel of the kernels of these berries, l6lb. of lamp-oil were obtained by expression. The plant is eaten by horses, sheep, and goats, but refused by cows.
2. The suecica, or dwarf-cornel, which is found in mountainous situations, chiefly on the Cheviot-hills, in Northumberland; and in some parts of Yorkshire and Scotland. It is perennial, produces white blossoms, that appear in June or July, and are succeeded by red berries, which are eaten by the Swedes.
Corn-rose. See Red Poppy.
CORN-SALAD, or Lamb's Lettuce, Valeriana locusta, L. is an annual indigenous plant growing in corn-fields, and producing white-reddish flowers from April to June. It is eaten by cattle, and its young leaves are cut and used in spring and autumn as a salad, being esteemed little inferior to young lettuce. Sheep and canary-birds are equally fond of this vegetable.
CORNS, in surgery, are hard excrescences, consisting of indurations of the skin, which arise on the toes, and sometimes on the sides of the feet, where these are much exposed to the pressure of narrow shoes. By degrees, they extend farther down between the muscular fibres on those parts, and occasion extreme pain.
Various remedies have been suggested for the cure of corns, but their removal is always attended with considerable difficulty. A correspondent in the 63d vol. of the Gentleman's Magazine asserts, that after having been afflicted with corns for several years, he was perfectly relieved from them, by the application of brown paper moistened with spittle. It has also been recommended to wrap a clove of
