64] SHO cause it greatly contributes to pro- mote insensible perspiration. I'his Tcstment, however, ought in all cases to be pnfeRly aired ; as nu- merous maliidies, and even pre- mature death, have been occa- sioned by iiwttention to that cir- cunnstance. SHOAD-STONE, a term ap- plied to certain loose masses of a fossil, which is generally found at the entrance of mines. Shoad-stones serve as useful guides to miners, in digging for ores} because, if these minerals, be very ponderous, it may with certainty be concluded that they contain antimony, or some other metal. Being principally found in Cornwall and Derbyshire, it is pro- bable, from the large portion of wnrcasitic particles in »hoad-stones, that Muxmc may thence be ad- vantageously extratted. SHOE, a well-known article of dress, which serves to cover the feet. Shoes are generally made of lea- ther, the texture of which ought not only to be sutficieutly close, to exclude moisture, but also pliant, or flexible } so that it may atford free scope for the motion of the foot : and, as it is an obje6t of material consequence to be pro- vided against the sudden changes of the V eather, we refer the render to the 3d volume, pp. 79-81, in which he will meet with the most approved methods of render- ing leather waler-proof. Next to the substance of which shoes are manufactured, the most important consideration will be their size, or shai^e ; which should Sn all cases be adapted to the foot. An easy shoe must, therefore, be <jf a sufficient length, and of a pro- tjoniuiiaie breadili. The soles SHO sliould be thick, and their extre- mities, round rather than pointed; in order to protcdl the toes froi» being injured by sharp stones, or other rough substances, that may occur in the streets or roads.— Such are the requisites for obtain- ing a convenient shoe; and, if these be not stri6tly observed, the necessary perspiration of the feet will be checked j warts and corns, with all their attendant pains, will arise ; and numerous other mala- dies will be induced^-extending their influence to" other parts of the body. Beside these serious consequences, which persons wear- ing narrow or fashionable shoes, gradually, though certainly, expe- rience, they also sutler from imme- diate fatigue and languor, when walking only to a short distance } whereas, by pursuing a contrary conduft, the feet are not only more easy, but those, who wear proper shoes, are enabled to undergo the longest pedestrian journies, with- out receiving any material injury from such exertions. — See also the article Foot. Shoe, m farriery, is an iron plate of various degrees of thick- ness, designed to proteiil the feet of horses. The common method of shoeing consists, first, in paring the frog, sole, and binders of the foot ; so that, by clumsy management, aflow of blood is frequently occasioned : next, a heavy shoe, which is made somewhat concave on the side next the hoof, is then applied nearly red- hot. Farther, to prevent the frog from coming in contaft with the ground, the shoe-heels are usually made either very thick, broad, and strong 5 or large cramps or cauikers are raised upon them. In conte- quence of tliis ueatmcnt, the frc^ is
