The New International Encyclopædia/Newark (Nottinghamshire)

NEWARK, nū′ẽrk, or NEWARK-UPON-TRENT. A municipal borough and market-town of Nottinghamshire, England, on a navigable branch of the Trent, 16 miles southwest of Lincoln (Map: England, F 3). Newark is one of the most important malting towns in England, and has flour mills, breweries, manufactu7res of agricultural implements and boilers, gypsum and limestone quarries, and a trade in corn, malt, and flour. The corn market is one of the largest in the kingdom. The parish church, a large and elegant edifice, though often rebuilt, still shows traces of its original Norman eharaeter. The grammar and song school was founded in 1529. Newark was incorporated in the reign of Edward VI. and received further charters from Charles I. and Charles II. The town owns the water-works and markets, and maintains a free library and public baths. It dates from the Roman occupation. The castle, now in ruins, was built early in the twelfth century. King John died in it in 1216. From its position and great strength it was called ‘the Key of the North,’ and during the Civil War sustained three sieges for Charles I., finally surrendering at his request to the Scots in 1646. Population, in 1891, 14,450; in 1901, 15,000. Consult Cornelius Brown, Annals of Newark-upon-Trent (London, 1879).