Index:The Life of George Washington, Volume 1.djvu
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CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. Commission of Cabot.... His voyage to America.... Claims of the French to the discovery of North America.... All further views of discovery, or settlement, relinquished by Henry VII.... Renewed by Elizabeth.... Letters patent granted to sir Humphrey Gilbert.... His voyages and death.... Letters patent granted to sir Walter Raleigh.... Voyage of sir Richard Grenville.... Colonists carried back to England by Drake.... Grenville arrives with other colonists.... They are left on Roanoke island, and destroyed by the Indians.... Arrival of captain John White.... White dispatched to England for succour.... Raleigh assigns his patent to sir Thomas Smith and company.... Patent to sir Thomas Gates and others.... Code of laws drawn up for the proposed colony by king James.
CHAPTER II. Voyage of captain Newport.... Colony settled at Jamestown.... Distress of the colonists.... Influence and activity of captain Smith.... He is captured by the Indians.... Condemned to death by Powhatan.... Saved by Pocahontas.... Returns to Jamestown.... Newport arrives with an additional supply of settlers.... Smith explores the Chesapeak.... Is chosen president.... New charter.... Third voyage of Newport.... Smith sails for Europe.... Condition of the colony.... Determination to abandon the colony.... Stopped by the arrival of lord Delawar, the governor general.... Sir Thomas Dale.... New charter.... Captain Argal seizes Pocahontas.... She marries Mr. Rolfe.... Separate property in lands and labour in some degree established.... Expedition of captain Argal against the French colony at Port Royal.... Against the Dutch at Manhadoes.... Fifty acres of land laid off for each settler.... Tobacco.... Sir Thomas Dale.... Mr. Yeardly.... First colonial assembly.... First arrival of females in the colony.... And of convicts.... First importation of African slaves.... Two councils established.... Prosperity of the colony.... Attempt of the Indians to massacre all the whites.... General war.... Dissension and dissolution of the company.... Colony taken into the hands of the king... Arbitrary measures of the crown... Sir John Harvey... Sir William Berkeley... Provincial assembly restored... Virginia declares in favour of Charles II... Grant to lord Baltimore... Arrival of a colony in Maryland under Calvert... Assembly composed of all the freemen... William Clayborne... Assembly composed of representatives... Divided into two branches... Tyrannical proceedings.
CHAPTER III. First ineffectual attempts of the Plymouth company to settle the country... Settlements at New Plymouth... Sir Henry Rosewell and co... New charter... Settlement of the country vigorously prosecuted... Government transferred to the colonists... Boston founded... Religious intolerance... General court established... Commission granted by the crown for the government of the plantations... Contests with the French colony of Acadié... Hugh Peters... Henry Vane... Mrs. Hutchinson and the antinomians... Maine granted to Gorges... Quo warranto against the patent of the colony... Religious dissensions... Providence settled... Rhode Island settled... Connecticut settled... War with the Piquods... New Haven settled.
CHAPTER IV. Massachussetts claims New Hampshire and part of Maine... Dissensions among the inhabitants... Confederation of the New England colonies... Rhode Island excluded from it... Separate chambers provided for the two branches of the legislature... New England takes part with parliament... Treaty between New England and Acadié... Petition of the non-conformists... Disputes between Massachussetts and Connecticut... War between England and Holland... Machinations of the Dutch at Manhadoes among the Indians... Massachussetts refuses to join with the united colonies in the war... Application of New Haven to Cromwell for assistance... Peace with the Dutch... Expedition of Sedgwic against Acadié... Religious intolerance.
CHAPTER V. Transactions immediately succeeding the restoration of Charles II... Contests between Connecticut and New Haven... Discontents in Virginia... Grant to the duke of York... Commissioners appointed by the crown... Conquest of the Dutch settlements... Conduct of Massachussetts to the royal commissioners... They are recalled... Massachussetts evades a summons to appear before the king and council... Settlement of Carolina... Form of government... Constitution of Mr. Locke... Discontents and insurrections in the county of Albemarle... Southern colony is invaded by the Spaniards from Florida... Abolition of the constitution of Mr. Locke... Bacon's rebellion... His death... Assembly deprived of judicial authority... Discontents in Virginia... Population of the colony.
CHAPTER VI. Prosperity of New England... War with Philip... Edward Randolph arrives in Boston... Maine adjudged by the king in council to Gorges, and is purchased by Massachussetts... Royal government erected in New Hampshire... Complaints against Massachussetts... Their letters patent cancelled by decree of the court of chancery... Death of Charles II... James II. proclaimed... New commission for the temporary government of Massachussetts, New Hampshire, Maine, and Narraghansetts... Sir Edmond Andros... The charter of Rhode Island abrogated... Odious measures of the new government... Andros deposed... William and Mary proclaimed... Review of the proceedings of New York and the Jerseys... Pennsylvania granted to William Penn... Frame of government... Foundation of Philadelphia laid... Assembly convened... First acts of the legislature... Boundary line with lord Baltimore settled.
CHAPTER VII. New charter of Massachussetts... Execution of Leisler... War with France... Schenectady destroyed... Expedition against Port Royal... And against Quebec... Acadié recovered by France, and Pemaquid taken... Attempt on St. Johns... Peace... Affairs of New York... Of Virginia... Disputes between England and France about the boundaries of their American colonies... Recommencement of hostilities with France... Quotas of men required from the respective colonies... Treaty of neutrality between the French and Five Nations... Expedition against Port Royal fails... Incursion into Massachussetts... Plan for invasion of Canada... Port Royal taken... Expedition against Quebec... Treaty of Utrecht... Affairs of Carolina... Expedition against St. Augustine... Attempt to establish the episcopal church in Carolina... That colony invaded... Bills of credit issued... Legislature continues itself... Massacre in North Carolina by the Indians... Tuscaroras defeated... Scheme of a bank... Contests of the legislature of New York with lord Cornbury... Expedition against Montreal... Adjustment of boundary line between Massachussetts and Connecticut.
CHAPTER VIII. Proceedings of the legislature of Massachussetts... Intrigues of the French among the Indians... War with the savages... Peace... Points of controversy with the governor, decided in England against the house... Contests concerning the governor's salary... Adjournment of the assembly to Salem... Contest concerning the salary terminated... Great depreciation of the paper currency... Scheme for a land bank... Company dissolved by act of parliament... Governor Shirley arrives... Review of transactions in New York.
CHAPTER IX. War with the southern Indians... Various causes of dissatisfaction given by the proprietors to the assembly of Carolina... Rupture with Spain... Governor endeavours to prepare the militia to repel an invasion... Combination throughout the colony to subvert the proprietary government... Revolution completed... Expedition against Charleston from the Havanna... Peace with Spain... Many of the proprietors surrender their interest to the crown... The province divided... Georgia settled... Impolicy of the first regulations... Intrigues of the Spaniards with the Indians... And with the slaves of South Carolina... Insurrection of the slaves.
CHAPTER X. War declared against Spain... Expedition against St. Augustine... Georgia invaded... Spaniards land on an island in the Alatamaha... Appearance of a fleet from Charleston... Spanish army are seized with a panic, and re-embark... Hostilities with France... Plan for attacking Louisbourg... Louisbourg surrenders.
CHAPTER XI. Great plans of the belligerent powers... Misfortunes of the armament under the duke D'Anville... The French fleet is dispersed by a storm... Expedition against Nova Scotia... Treaty of Aix la Chapelle... Paper money of Massachussetts redeemed... Revival of the contest between the French and English colonies respecting boundaries... Statement of the discovery of the Mississippi by the French... Scheme for connecting Louisiana with Canada... Relative strength and advantages of the French and English colonies... Defeat at the Little Meadows... Convention at Albany... Plan of union agreed to in convention... Objected to, both in America and Great Britain.
CHAPTER XII. General Braddock arrives in America... Convention of the governors, and plan of the campaign resolved on... French expelled from Nova Scotia, and the inhabitants transplanted... Expedition against fort du Quesne... Battle of Monongahela... Defeat and death of Braddock... Expedition against Crown Point... Dieskau defeated... Expedition against Niagara... Frontiers distressed by incursions of the Indians... Meeting of the governors at New York... Plan for the campaign of 1756... Command in America bestowed on lord Loudoun... Montcalm takes Oswego... All offensive operations abandoned by lord Loudoun... Small-pox breaks out in Albany... Campaign closed... Campaign of 1757 opened... Admiral Holbourne arrives with a large armament at Halifax, where he is joined by the earl of Loudoun... Expedition against Louisbourg relinquished... lord Loudoun returns to New York... Fort William Henry taken... Controversy between lord Loudoun and the assembly of Massachussetts.
CHAPTER XIII. Review of affairs at the close of the campaign of 1757... Great preparations for the campaign of 1758... Admiral Boscawen and general Amherst arrive at Halifax.... Plan of the campaign.... Expeditions against Louisbourg.... Ticonderoga, and Crown Point... General Abercrombie repulsed under the walls of Ticonderoga.... Fort Frontignac taken by colonel Bradstreet.... Expedition against fort du Quesne.... Preparations for the campaign of 1759.... General Amherst succeeds general Abercrombie.... Plan of the campaign.... Ticonderoga and Crown Point taken.... The army of Amherst put into winter quarters at Crown Point.... French repulsed at Oswego.... Defeated at Niagara, and that place taken.... Expedition against Quebec.... Check given the English army.... Battle on the plains of Abraham.... Death of Wolfe and Montcalm.... Victory of the English.... Quebec capitulates.... Garrisoned by five thousand men under command of general Murray.... Attempt to recover Quebec.... Battle near Sillery.... Quebec besieged by monsieur de Levi.... Siege raised.... Montreal capitulates.... War with the southern Indians.... Battle near the village of Etchoe.... Grant defeats them and burns the towns of the middle settlements.... Treaty with the Cherokees.... Negociations between England and France.... Altercations with Spain.... Mr. Pitt proposes a declaration of war against that monarchy.... Is over-ruled and resigns his office.... War with Spain, and great success of the English.... Treaty of peace.
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