270 THE DECLINE AND FALL [Chap, xl were insolently spread to the gates of the Imperial city. At the distance only of forty miles Anastasius was constrained to establish a last frontier ; his long wall, of sixty miles from the Propontis to the Euxine, proclaimed the impotence of his arms ; and, as the danger became more imminent, new fortifications were added by the indefatigable prudence of Justinian. 118 security of Asia Minor, after the submission of the Isaurians, 119 re- the a con- niained without enemies and without fortifications. Those is U a 6 uria bold savages, who had disdained to be the subjects of Gallienus, persisted two hundred and thirty years in a life of independence and rapine. The most successful princes respected the strength of the mountains and the despair of the natives; their fierce spirit was sometimes soothed with gifts, and sometimes restrained by terror; and a military count, with three legions, fixed his permanent and ignominious station in the heart of the Roman provinces. 120 But no sooner was the vigilance of power relaxed or diverted, than the light-armed squadrons descended from the hills and invaded the peaceful plenty of Asia. Although the Isaurians were not remarkable for stature or bravery, want rendered them bold, and experience made them skilful, in the exercise of predatory war. They advanced with secrecy and speed to the attack of villages and defenceless towns ; their fly- ing parties have sometimes touched the Hellespont, the Euxine, and the gates of Tarsus, Antioch, or Damascus; 121 and the spoil was lodged in their inaccessible mountains, before the Roman troops had received their orders, or the distant province had computed its loss. The guilt of rebellion and robbery excluded them from the rights of national enemies; and the magistrates were instructed by an edict, that the trial or punish- ment of an Isaurian, even on the festival of Easter, was a meritorious act of justice and piety. 122 If the captives were 118 See the long wall in Evagrius (1. iv. o. 38). This whole article is drawn from the fourth book of the Edifices, except Anchialu6 (1. iii. c. 7). 119 Turn back to vol. i. p. 302. In the course of this history, I have sometimes mentioned, and much oftener slighted, the hasty inroads of the Isaurians, which were not attended with any consequences. 120 Trebellius Pollio in Hist. August, p. 107 [xxiv. c. 26], who lived under Diocletian, or Constantine. See likewise Pancirolus ad Notit. Imp. Orient, c. 115, 141. See Cod. Theodos. 1. ix. tit. 35, leg. 37, with a copious collective Annotation of Godefroy, torn. iii. p. 256, 257. 121 See the full and wide extent of their inroads in Philostorgius (Hist. Eccles. 1. xi. c. 8), with Godefroy' s learned Dissertations. 122 Cod. Justinian. 1. ix. tit. 12, leg. 10. The punishments are severe — a fine of an hundred pounds of gold, degradation, and even death. The public peace might
