rose to be Vice President of the Board of Punishments. Canonised as 文恪, and included in the Temple of Worthies.
1225 Li T*ung ^ ^ (T. M rjl . H. ^ 2p). a.D. 1093-1168. A native of Yen-p^ng in Fuhkien; hence his sobriquet as above. He studied under Lo Ts^ung-yen, but had no taste for official life and accordingly took no degree. He lived in a cottage in the country and gradually surrounded himself with disciples, among whom was Chu Hsi, who subsequently collected and published his oral explanations of difficult or doubtful points in the Canon. Canonised as j^ d||, in 1617 his tablet was placed in the Confucian Temple.
1226 Li Tzu-Oh'eng ^ g J^. A.D. 1606-1645. A native of the ^ 19^ Mi-chih District in Shensi, who succeeded his father as village headman before he was twenty years old. The famine of 1627 brought him into trouble over the land-tax, and in 1629 he turned brigand, joining the great Shansi leader T g ^ Wang TzH-yung, and calling himself gg ^ General Ch'uang. In 1686 Wang Tzti-yung was captured, and Li was dubbed Prince Ch^uang by his comrades; but he was soon compelled to flee to Sstich^uan where he improved his neglected education. In 1640 he headed a small gang of desperadoes, and overrunning parts of Hupeh and Honan was soon in command of a large army, with Chang Hsien-chung as an ally. He had been joined by a female bandit, formerly a courtesan, who advised him to avoid slaughter and to try to win the hearts of the people. This was probably connected with the recent prophecy that ^ /K ^ {= ^) was to get the throne. In 1642 he captured E^ai-f§ng Fu after a four-months' siege, forced the y^ T^ung pass and subjugated Shensi. In 1644 he proclaimed himself first Emperor of the ^ ^ Great Shun dynasty, with ^ |^ Yung Chiang as his year-title, and advanced in two columns on Peking. He forced the ^ p| Nan-k^ou pass,
