Page:An introduction to Indonesian linguistics, being four essays.djvu/281

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ESSAY IV
255
III. Original IN h disappears altogether in several languages; thus in certain cases in Bugis, hence Original IN kulit > Bug. uliq, "skin".
104. Original IN g. I. It mostly persists unchanged in the living languages. Original IN gantuṅ, "to hang", appears in Old Javanese, Sundanese, etc., as gantuṅ, in Bugis as gattuh, etc.
II. Original IN g becomes k in Bugis after w, hence Original IN tuṅgal ^ Bug. tunke, "alone". — It becomes gh in Madurese, hence ghantoṅ, "to han ". — It becomes a velar spirant in Tontemboan (see § 65). — It becomes h in Hova when initial, hence Hova hantuna, "to hang".
III. Original IN g rarely disappears altogether; it does so in Bottinese after n, hence Makassar, etc., geṅgo appears in Rot. as ṅgeṅo, "to rock to and fro".
105. Original IN n. I. It mostly persists unchanged in the living languages. Original IN aṅin, "wind", is also aṅin in Old Javanese, Malay, etc., haṅin in Tagalog, etc.
II. Original IN becomes n in several languages; thus in Hova, save before a velar, hence in ánina, "wind". — It becomes ñ in several languages; thus in certain dialects of Tontemboan after i, hence Original IN and Tontb. liṅa > dialectic Tontb. liña, "to hear". — It becomes k in several languages by assimilation; thus in spoken Toba, hence Original IN baṅkay > written Toba baṅké > spoken Toba bakke, "corpse".
III. Original IN disappears altogether in several languages when final; thus in Nias, hence Original IN ar1ěṅ > Nias aχo, "charcoal".

Laws of the Palatals.

106. Original IN c. I. It is preserved in some of the languages. Original IN r1acun, "poison", appears in Old Javanese and Malay as racun, in Bimanese as racu, etc.
II. Original IN c becomes s in many languages; thus in Tagalog, hence lason, "poison".